Researchers
These user scenarios are targeted to people involved in monitoring, evaluation, or research, including needs assessment, quantification, modelling, qualitative, interventional, and health policy and systems analyses. Researchers can include technical experts, academia, government officials, and others interested in oxygen data.
Knowing who needs medical oxygen
Reducing Global Inequities in Medical Oxygen Access: The Lancet Global Health Commission on Medical Oxygen Security
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | The Lancet Global Health Commission on medical oxygen security aimed to synthesize available evidence and produce actionable recommendations. This article highlights the results of the Commission’s work.
February 2025
By: Hamish Graham, Carina King, Ahmed Ehsanur Rahman, Freddy Eric Kitutu, Leith Greenslade, Masooma Aqeel, Tim Baker, Lucio Flavio de Magalhães Brito, Harry Campbell, Karen Czischke, Mike English, Adegoke G. Falade, Patricia J. Garcia, Mireia Gil, Stephen Graham, Amy Gray, Stephen Howie, Niranjan Kissoon, Ramanan Laxminarayan, Ines Li Lin, Michael S. Lipnick, Dianne B. Lowe, David Lowrance, Eric D. McCollum, Tisungane Mvalo, Jacquie Oliwa, Stefan S. Peterson, Rediet Shimeles Workneh, Heather J. Zar, Shams El Arifeen, Freddie Ssengooba
The Prevalence of Hypoxaemia in Paediatric and Adult Patients in Health-Care Facilities in Low-Income and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in The Lancet Global Health, this review aimed to estimate hypoxemia prevalence for adults and children with acute illness attending health facilities in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs).
February 2025
By: Hamish Graham, Esrat Jahan, Rami Subhi, Farhia Azrin, Jaclyn Maher, Jasmine Miller, Ahmed Ehsanur Rahman, Felix Lam
Global Surgery 2030: Evidence and Solutions for Achieving Health, Welfare, and Economic Development
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in The Lancet, this article highlights that the need for surgical services in LMICs will continue to rise substantially from now until 2030.
August 2015
By: John Gerard Meara, Andrew Leather, Lars Hagander, Blake C. Alkire, Nivaldo Alonso, Emmanuel Ameh, Stephen Bickler, Lesong Conteh, Anna J. Dar, Justine Davies, Eunice Dérivois Mérisier, Shenaaz El-Halabi, Paul E. Farmer, Atul Gawande, Rowan Gillies, Sarah L.M. Greenberg, Caris E. Grimes, Russell L. Gruen, Edna Adan Ismail, Thaim Kamara, Chris Lavy, Ganbold Lundeg, Nyengo C. Mkandawire, Nakul Raykar, Johanna N. Riesel, Edgar Rodas, John Rose, Nobhojit Roy, Mark Shrime, Richard Sullivan, Stéphane Verguet, David Watters, Thomas Weiser, Iain H. Wilson, Gavin Yamey, Winnie Yip
Global Burden of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease through 2050
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in JAMA Network Open, this study aimed to assess the global burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) through 2050 using modelling and considering COPD risk factors.
December 2023
By: Elroy Boers, Meredith Barrett, Jason G. Su, Adam V. Benjafield, Sanjeev Sinha, Leanne Kaye, Heather J. Zar, Vy Vuong, Daniela Tellez, Rahul Gondalia, Mary B. Rice, Carlos M. Nunez, Jadwiga A. Wedzicha, Atul Malhotra
Global Age-Sex-Specific Mortality, Life Expectancy, and Population Estimates in 204 Countries and Territories and 811 Subnational Locations, 1950-2021, and the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comprehensive Demographic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in The Lancet, this article presents global mortality and life expectancy data from 1950 to 2021, highlighting the impact of COVID-19 on population health.
May 2024
By: Global Burden of Disease 2021 Demographics Collaborators
Understanding oxygen availability and coverage for all
Reducing Global Inequities in Medical Oxygen Access: The Lancet Global Health Commission on Medical Oxygen Security
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | The Lancet Global Health Commission on medical oxygen security aimed to synthesize available evidence and produce actionable recommendations. This article highlights the results of the Commission’s work.
February 2025
By: Hamish Graham, Carina King, Ahmed Ehsanur Rahman, Freddy Eric Kitutu, Leith Greenslade, Masooma Aqeel, Tim Baker, Lucio Flavio de Magalhães Brito, Harry Campbell, Karen Czischke, Mike English, Adegoke G. Falade, Patricia J. Garcia, Mireia Gil, Stephen Graham, Amy Gray, Stephen Howie, Niranjan Kissoon, Ramanan Laxminarayan, Ines Li Lin, Michael S. Lipnick, Dianne B. Lowe, David Lowrance, Eric D. McCollum, Tisungane Mvalo, Jacquie Oliwa, Stefan S. Peterson, Rediet Shimeles Workneh, Heather J. Zar, Shams El Arifeen, Freddie Ssengooba
The African Critical Illness Outcomes Study (ACIOS): A Point Prevalence Study of Critical Illness in 22 Nations in Africa
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in The Lancet, this prospective study examined all inpatients >18 years to assess the co-primary outcomes of critical illness and 7-day mortality in acute hospitals across Africa.
March 2025
By: African Critical Illness Outcomes Study (ACIOS) Investigators
Multicentre Study of Hypoxaemia Prevalence and Quality of Oxygen Treatment for Hospitalized Malawian Children
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, this study reveals routine use of pulse oximetry remains limited for hospitalized children in Malawi.
May 2013
By: Eric D. McCollum, Erica Bjornstad, Geoffrey Preidis, Mina Hosseinipour, Norman Lufesi
Implementation of the World Health Organization Surgical Safety Checklist, Including Introduction of Pulse Oximetry, in a Resource-Limited Setting
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Annals of Surgery, this article explores the impact of implementing the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist and pulse oximetry in a resource-limited hospital.
April 2013
By: Alvin Kwok, Luke Funk, Ruslan Baltaga, Stuart Lipsitz, Alan Merry, Gerald Dziekan, Gheorghe Ciobanu, William Berry, Atul Gawande
Oxygen as an Essential Medicine: Under- and Over-Treatment of Hypoxemia in Low- and High-Income Nations
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Critical Care Medicine, this article critiques the over- and under-treatment of hypoxemia globally, urging for better guidelines and the rational use of oxygen therapy, particularly in resource-constrained settings.
October 2016
By: Tori Sutherland, Sanctus Musafiri, Theogene Twagirumugabe, Elisabeth D. Riviello
‘Let Him Die in Peace’: Understanding Caregiver’s Refusal of Medical Oxygen Treatment for Children in Nigeria
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMJ Global Health, this study examines caregiver, community, and healthcare provider perspectives, experiences, and acceptance of medical oxygen treatments for sick children in Nigeria.
May 2024
By: Ayobami A. Bakare, Julius Salako, Carina King, Omotayo E. Olojede, Damola Bakare, Olabisi Olasupo, Rochelle Ann Burgess, Eric D. McCollum, Tim Colbourn, Adegoke G. Falade, Helle Molsted-Alvesson, Hamish Graham
Comprehending whole-of-system oxygen costs
Reducing Global Inequities in Medical Oxygen Access: The Lancet Global Health Commission on Medical Oxygen Security
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | The Lancet Global Health Commission on medical oxygen security aimed to synthesize available evidence and produce actionable recommendations. This article highlights the results of the Commission’s work.
February 2025
By: Hamish Graham, Carina King, Ahmed Ehsanur Rahman, Freddy Eric Kitutu, Leith Greenslade, Masooma Aqeel, Tim Baker, Lucio Flavio de Magalhães Brito, Harry Campbell, Karen Czischke, Mike English, Adegoke G. Falade, Patricia J. Garcia, Mireia Gil, Stephen Graham, Amy Gray, Stephen Howie, Niranjan Kissoon, Ramanan Laxminarayan, Ines Li Lin, Michael S. Lipnick, Dianne B. Lowe, David Lowrance, Eric D. McCollum, Tisungane Mvalo, Jacquie Oliwa, Stefan S. Peterson, Rediet Shimeles Workneh, Heather J. Zar, Shams El Arifeen, Freddie Ssengooba
Oxygen Systems Strengthening as an Intervention to Prevent Childhood Deaths due to Pneumonia in Low-Resource Settings: Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Cost-effectiveness
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMJ Global Health, this paper reviews evidence on the effectiveness of strengthening oxygen systems on mortality for children with pneumonia to populate estimates in the Lives Saved Tool.
December 2021
By: Felix Lam, Angela Stegmuller, Victoria B. Chou, Hamish Graham
Predicting the Potential Impact of Scaling up Four Pneumonia Interventions on Under-Five Pneumonia Mortality: A Prospective Lives Saved Tool (LiST) Analysis for Bangladesh, Chad, and Ethiopia
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the Journal of Global Health, this study used the Lives Saved Tool to prospectively analyze the potential impact of upscaling pneumonia interventions in Bangladesh, Chad, and Ethiopia.
January 2024
By: Theresa Pfurtscheller, Felix Lam, Rasheduzzaman Shah, Rana Shohel, Maria Suau Sans, Narcisse Tounaikok, Abas Hassen, Alemayehu Berhanu Belete, Dinkineh Bikila Woyessa, Elizabeth Berryman, Tedila Habte, Leith Greenslade, Rebecca Nantanda, Kevin Baker
The Impact and Cost-Effectiveness of Pulse Oximetry and Oxygen on Acute Lower Respiratory Infection Outcomes in Children under-5 in Malawi: A Modelling Study
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in The Lancet, this study evaluates the impact and cost-effectiveness of scaling up pulse oximetry and oxygen on childhood acute lower respiratory infections outcomes in Malawi.
September 2024
By: Ines Li Lin, Eric D. McCollum, Eric Thomas Buckley, Valentina Cambiano, Joseph H. Collins, Matthew M. Graham, Eva Janoušková, Carina King, Norman Lufesi, Tara D. Mangal, Joseph Mfutso-Bengo, Sakshi Mohan, Margherita Molaro, Dominic Nkhoma, Humphreys Nsona, Alexander Rothkopf, Bingling She, Lisa Smith, Asif U. Tamuri, Paul Revill, Andrew N. Phillips, Timothy B. Hallett, Tim Colbourn
[Costs of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Patients Treated in Ambulatory Care in Poland]
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Pneumonologia i Alergologia Polska, this study examined direct, mean costs of COPD in Poland under usual clinical practice form societal perspective.
May 2011
By: Karina Jahnz-Rózyk, Tomasz Targowski, Sławomir From, Tomasz Faluta, Lukasz Borowiec
Implementation and 8-year Follow-up of an Uninterrupted Oxygen Supply System in a Hospital in The Gambia
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, this article examines the success and impact of an uninterrupted oxygen supply system in a Gambian hospital over eight years.
August 2016
By: Beverly Bradley, J.D. Light, Augustine Ebonyi, Pamela Collier Njai, Readon C. Ideh, Bernard E. Ebruke, Ebrima Nyassi, David Peel, Stephen Howie
A Comprehensive Approach to Medical Oxygen Ecosystem Building: An Implementation Case Study in Kenya, Rwanda, and Ethiopia
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Global Health: Science and Practice, the study examines a social enterprise model that established PSA plants in Kenya, Rwanda, and Ethiopia, improving access to oxygen in underserved areas.
December 2022
By: Victoria Smith, Alana Changoor, Chloe McDonald, David Barash, Bernard Olayo, Steve Adudans, Tyler Nelson, Cheri Reynolds, Monica Cainer
Open Oximetry: Pulse Oximeters
TOOL | This resource provides a list of various makes and models of existing pulse oximeters.
By: Open Oximetry
Global Oxygen Strategic Framework and Investment Case 2025-2030
TOOL | The Global Oxygen Alliance has developed this strategic framework and investment case as a resource in creating costed oxygen plans or making the case for investing in oxygen.
October 2024
By: Global Oxygen Alliance
Achieving universal pulse oximetry access
Solutions to ensure it is high-quality, age-appropriate and available at all levels of care
Reducing Global Inequities in Medical Oxygen Access: The Lancet Global Health Commission on Medical Oxygen Security
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | The Lancet Global Health Commission on medical oxygen security aimed to synthesize available evidence and produce actionable recommendations. This article highlights the results of the Commission’s work.
February 2025
By: Hamish Graham, Carina King, Ahmed Ehsanur Rahman, Freddy Eric Kitutu, Leith Greenslade, Masooma Aqeel, Tim Baker, Lucio Flavio de Magalhães Brito, Harry Campbell, Karen Czischke, Mike English, Adegoke G. Falade, Patricia J. Garcia, Mireia Gil, Stephen Graham, Amy Gray, Stephen Howie, Niranjan Kissoon, Ramanan Laxminarayan, Ines Li Lin, Michael S. Lipnick, Dianne B. Lowe, David Lowrance, Eric D. McCollum, Tisungane Mvalo, Jacquie Oliwa, Stefan S. Peterson, Rediet Shimeles Workneh, Heather J. Zar, Shams El Arifeen, Freddie Ssengooba
Effectiveness of Introducing Pulse Oximetry and Clinical Decision Support Algorithms for the Management of Sick Children in Primary Care in India and Tanzania on Hospitalisation and Mortality: The TIMCI Pragmatic Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in The Lancet, this cluster-randomized controlled trial in India and Tanzania evaluated the effects of pulse oximetry and clinical decision support algorithms on child hospitalization and mortality.
November 2024
By: Fenella Beynon, Grace Mhalu, Divas Kumar, Hélène Langet, Gillian Levine, Girdhar Agarwal, Charles Festo, Tracy Glass, Anmol Jacob, Gaurav Kumar, Samwel Lwambura, Lena Matata, Abdallah Mkopi, Robert Moshiro, Fabian Schaer, Vineela Bandi, Leah F. Bohle, Mira Emmanuel-Fabula, Megan Horlacher, Susan Horton, John Maiba, Suzan Makawia, Naomi Masanja, Deusdedit Mjungu, Ibrahim E. Mtebene, Olgah Odek, Vânia Oliveira, Elena Pantjushenko, Elisabeth Reus, Michael Ruffo, Kovid Sharma, Helen Storey, Mansi Tyagi, Valérie D’Acremont, Honorati Masanja, Shally Awasthi, Kaspar Wyss
Decentralizing Oxygen Availability and Use at Primary Care for Children Under-Five with Severe Pneumonia at 12 Health Centers in Ethiopia: A Pre-Post Non-Experimental Study
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMC Health Services Research, this study highlights the positive outcomes of decentralizing oxygen services in Ethiopia’s health centers.
May 2022
By: Habtamu Seyoum Tolla, Dinkineh Bikila Woyessa, Rahel Belete Balkew, Yigeremu Abebe Asemere, Zinabie Feleke Fekadu, Alemayehu Berhanu Belete, Martha Gartley, Audrey Battu, Felix Lam, Alebel Yaregal Desale
Pulse Oximetry to Detect Paediatric Hypoxaemia—The Fifth Vital Sign
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in The Lancet Global Health, this study makes the case for oxygen saturation (SpO2) measured by pulse oximetry as an essential fifth vital sign in all sick children.
November 2023
By: Heather J. Zar, Eric D. McCollum
Continuing Professional Development in the Last Decade – A Scoping Review
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Journal of Adult and Continuing Education, the purpose of this scoping review is to summarize data from the past decade on CPD models.
December 2022
By: Rodney H. Magwenya, Andrew John Ross, Logic S. Ngatiane
Adoption of Paediatric and Neonatal Pulse Oximetry by 12 Hospitals in Nigeria: A Mixed-Methods Realist Evaluation
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMJ Global Health, this study found that pulse oximetry use in 12 Nigerian hospitals improved from under 5% to over 90% within a year of targeted intervention.
June 2018
By: Hamish Graham, Ayobami A. Bakare, Amy Gray, Shamim Ahmad Qazi, Barbara McPake, Rasa Izadnegahdar, Trevor Duke, Adegoke G. Falade
Introducing Pulse Oximetry for Outpatient Management of Childhood Pneumonia: An Implementation Research Adopting a District Implementation Model in Selected Rural Facilities in Bangladesh
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in EClinicalMedicine, this study evaluates the implementation of pulse oximetry in rural Bangladesh to improve the management of childhood pneumonia.
June 2022
By: Ahmed Ehsanur Rahman, Shafiqul Ameen, Sabrina Jabeen, Tamanna Majid, Azim Uddin Afm, Md Ziaul Haque Shaikh, Muhammad Shariful Islam, Md Jahurul Islam, Sabina Ashrafee, Husam Muhammad Shah Alam, Ashfia Saberin, Sabbir Ahmed, Goutom Banik, Anm Ehtesham Kabir, Anisuddin Ahmed, Mohammod Jobayer Chisti, Steve Cunningham, Harish Nair, Shams El Arifeen, Harry Campbell
Understanding Pulse Oximetry Adoption in Primary Health Care Facilities in Nigeria: A Realist Process Evaluation of the INSPIRING-Lagos Stabilisation Room Project
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMJ Global Health, this study examines how stabilization rooms under the INSPIRING-Lagos project improved pulse oximetry practices, for whom, and in what contexts in Nigeria.
December 2024
By: Omotayo E. Olojede, Adegoke G. Falade, Ayobami A. Bakare, Eric D. McCollum, Agnese Iuliano, Adamu Isah, Adams Osebi, Samy Ahmar, Paula Valentine, Temitayo Folorunso Olowookere, Matthew MacCalla, Rochelle Ann Burgess, Tim Colbourn, Carina King, Hamish Graham
The Impact and Cost-Effectiveness of Pulse Oximetry and Oxygen on Acute Lower Respiratory Infection Outcomes in Children under-5 in Malawi: A Modelling Study
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in The Lancet, this study evaluates the impact and cost-effectiveness of scaling up pulse oximetry and oxygen on childhood acute lower respiratory infections outcomes in Malawi.
September 2024
By: Ines Li Lin, Eric D. McCollum, Eric Thomas Buckley, Valentina Cambiano, Joseph H. Collins, Matthew M. Graham, Eva Janoušková, Carina King, Norman Lufesi, Tara D. Mangal, Joseph Mfutso-Bengo, Sakshi Mohan, Margherita Molaro, Dominic Nkhoma, Humphreys Nsona, Alexander Rothkopf, Bingling She, Lisa Smith, Asif U. Tamuri, Paul Revill, Andrew N. Phillips, Timothy B. Hallett, Tim Colbourn
Building resilient oxygen systems
Solutions for resilient oxygen production, storage, distribution, and delivery
Reducing Global Inequities in Medical Oxygen Access: The Lancet Global Health Commission on Medical Oxygen Security
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | The Lancet Global Health Commission on medical oxygen security aimed to synthesize available evidence and produce actionable recommendations. This article highlights the results of the Commission’s work.
February 2025
By: Hamish Graham, Carina King, Ahmed Ehsanur Rahman, Freddy Eric Kitutu, Leith Greenslade, Masooma Aqeel, Tim Baker, Lucio Flavio de Magalhães Brito, Harry Campbell, Karen Czischke, Mike English, Adegoke G. Falade, Patricia J. Garcia, Mireia Gil, Stephen Graham, Amy Gray, Stephen Howie, Niranjan Kissoon, Ramanan Laxminarayan, Ines Li Lin, Michael S. Lipnick, Dianne B. Lowe, David Lowrance, Eric D. McCollum, Tisungane Mvalo, Jacquie Oliwa, Stefan S. Peterson, Rediet Shimeles Workneh, Heather J. Zar, Shams El Arifeen, Freddie Ssengooba
An Oxygen Supply Is Not Enough: A Qualitative Analysis of a Pressure Swing Adsorption Oxygen Plant Program in Ethiopian Hospitals
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Global Health: Science and Practice, this study analyzed Ethiopia’s PSA plant program, showing increased access but persistent challenges in affordability and hospital preparedness.
August 2024
By: Victoria Smith, Alana Changoor, Sarah Rummage, Haileab Fekadu Wolde, Ejigu Gebeye Zeleke, Getahun Mekonnen Belay, David Barash, Cheri Reynolds
A Comprehensive Approach to Medical Oxygen Ecosystem Building: An Implementation Case Study in Kenya, Rwanda, and Ethiopia
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Global Health: Science and Practice, the study examines a social enterprise model that established PSA plants in Kenya, Rwanda, and Ethiopia, improving access to oxygen in underserved areas.
December 2022
By: Victoria Smith, Alana Changoor, Chloe McDonald, David Barash, Bernard Olayo, Steve Adudans, Tyler Nelson, Cheri Reynolds, Monica Cainer
Solar-Powered O2 Delivery for the Treatment of Children with Hypoxaemia in Uganda: A Stepped-wedge, Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in The Lancet, this study examined if installation of solar-powered O2 systems in the pediatric ward of rural Ugandan hospitals leads to a reduction in mortality among hypoxemic children.
February 2024
By: Nicholas Conradi, Robert Opika Opoka, Qaasim Mian, Andrea L. Conroy, Laura L. Hermann, Jackson Amone, Juliet Nabwire, Bonita E. Lee, Abdullah Saleh, Piush Mandhane, Sophie Namasopo, Michael Hawkes
Solar-Powered Oxygen, Quality Improvement and Child Pneumonia Deaths: A Large-Scale Effectiveness Study
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Archives of Disease in Childhood, this study evaluated a program for improving reliable oxygen therapy using concentrators, pulse oximeters, and solar power in nine PNG provinces.
March 2021
By: Trevor Duke, Francis Pulsan, Doreen Panauwe, Martin Saavu, Jonah Karubi, Eleanor Neal, Hamish Graham, Rasa Izadnegahdar, Susan Donath
Cost-Effectiveness and Sustainability of Improved Hospital Oxygen Systems in Nigeria
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMJ Global Health, this study found that the Nigeria Oxygen Implementation programme improved hospital oxygen systems and pulse oximetry coverage, demonstrating sustainability over time.
August 2022
By: Hamish Graham, Ayobami A. Bakare, Oyaniyi Olatunde, Oluwabunmi Bakare, Blessing Edunwale, Eleanor Neal, Shamim Ahmad Qazi, Barbara McPake, David Peel, Amy Gray, Trevor Duke, Adegoke G. Falade
Energizing Health: Accelerating Electricity Access in Health-Care Facilities
GUIDANCE | The publication provides a comprehensive update on the status and key actions needed for providing reliable, modern energy to health-care facilities in low- and middle-income countries.
January 2023
By: World Health Organization (WHO), The World Bank
Human Resources for Medical Devices: The Role of Biomedical Engineers
GUIDANCE | In this book, part of the Medical device technical series, WHO presents the different roles the biomedical engineer can have in the life cycle of a medical device.
August 2022
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Biomedical Engineering in Low- and Middle-Income Settings: Analysis of Current State, Challenges and Best Practices
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Health Technologies, this study identifies weaknesses and strengths of the scientific, technological, sociopolitical, regulatory, and educational landscape in biomedical engineering in LMICs.
April 2022
By: Carmelo De Maria, Andrés Díaz Lantada, Timo Jämsä, Leandro Pecchia, Arti Ahluwalia
Coordinating management of oxygen systems
Solutions for effective management at national and subnational levels
Reducing Global Inequities in Medical Oxygen Access: The Lancet Global Health Commission on Medical Oxygen Security
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | The Lancet Global Health Commission on medical oxygen security aimed to synthesize available evidence and produce actionable recommendations. This article highlights the results of the Commission’s work.
February 2025
By: Hamish Graham, Carina King, Ahmed Ehsanur Rahman, Freddy Eric Kitutu, Leith Greenslade, Masooma Aqeel, Tim Baker, Lucio Flavio de Magalhães Brito, Harry Campbell, Karen Czischke, Mike English, Adegoke G. Falade, Patricia J. Garcia, Mireia Gil, Stephen Graham, Amy Gray, Stephen Howie, Niranjan Kissoon, Ramanan Laxminarayan, Ines Li Lin, Michael S. Lipnick, Dianne B. Lowe, David Lowrance, Eric D. McCollum, Tisungane Mvalo, Jacquie Oliwa, Stefan S. Peterson, Rediet Shimeles Workneh, Heather J. Zar, Shams El Arifeen, Freddie Ssengooba
External Evaluation of the Access to COVID-19 Tools Accelerator (ACT-A)
REPORT | This external evaluation was a rapid, forward-looking exercise to learn from the Access to COVID-19 Tools-Accelerator (ACT-A) experiences and to identify key lessons learnt for future pandemic preparedness and response.
October 2022
By: World Health Organization (WHO), Marco Schäferhoff, Sara Fewer, Margot Neveux, Davinder Gill, Armand Zimmerman, Mziwandile Madikizela, Yewande Ogundeji, Augustine Omodieke, Priye Igali, Yahaya Mohammed, Robert Karanja
Governing the Access to COVID-19 Tools Accelerator: Towards Greater Participation, Transparency, and Accountability
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in The Lancet, this article traces the evolution of ACT-A’s governance and analyzed it against three principles in its mission statement: participation, transparency, and accountability.
January 2022
By: Suerie Moon, Jana Armstrong, Brian Hutler, Ross Upshur, Rachel Katz, Caesar Atuire, Anant Bhan, Ezekiel Emanuel, Ruth Faden, Prakash Ghimire, Dirceu Greco, Calvin Wl Ho, Sonali Kochhar, G. Owen Schaefer, Ehsan Shamsi-Gooshki, Jerome Amir Singh, Maxwell J. Smith, Jonathan Wolff
Global Oxygen Strategic Framework and Investment Case 2025-2030
TOOL | The Global Oxygen Alliance has developed this strategic framework and investment case as a resource in creating costed oxygen plans or making the case for investing in oxygen.
October 2024
By: Global Oxygen Alliance
The Lusaka Agenda: Conclusions of the Future of Global Health Initiatives Process
GUIDANCE | The Lusaka Agenda provides a foundation for coordinated action to support shifts in global health, and a path towards a joint long-term vision of domestically financed health systems and UHC.
December 2023
By: Future of Global Health Initiatives
Strengthening oxygen markets and regulations
Solutions for medical oxygen markets, regulations, and standards
Reducing Global Inequities in Medical Oxygen Access: The Lancet Global Health Commission on Medical Oxygen Security
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | The Lancet Global Health Commission on medical oxygen security aimed to synthesize available evidence and produce actionable recommendations. This article highlights the results of the Commission’s work.
February 2025
By: Hamish Graham, Carina King, Ahmed Ehsanur Rahman, Freddy Eric Kitutu, Leith Greenslade, Masooma Aqeel, Tim Baker, Lucio Flavio de Magalhães Brito, Harry Campbell, Karen Czischke, Mike English, Adegoke G. Falade, Patricia J. Garcia, Mireia Gil, Stephen Graham, Amy Gray, Stephen Howie, Niranjan Kissoon, Ramanan Laxminarayan, Ines Li Lin, Michael S. Lipnick, Dianne B. Lowe, David Lowrance, Eric D. McCollum, Tisungane Mvalo, Jacquie Oliwa, Stefan S. Peterson, Rediet Shimeles Workneh, Heather J. Zar, Shams El Arifeen, Freddie Ssengooba
What are Gas Companies Doing to Scale up Access to Liquid Medical Oxygen?
REPORT | This report tracks six global gas companies’ initiatives to increase access and provides insights into what they can do to supply LOX during emergencies and for day-to-day needs of LMICs.
April 2023
By: Access to Medicines Foundation
Oxygen Market Dashboard
DATA DASHBOARD | The UNICEF Oxygen Market Dashboard showcases information on the global medical oxygen market.
By: UNICEF
The Accuracy of Pulse Oximetry in Measuring Oxygen Saturation by Levels of Skin Pigmentation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMC Medicine, this study systematically reviewed the effects of skin pigmentation on the SpO2 accuracy by pulse oximetry compared with the gold standard SaO2 measured by CO-oximetry.
August 2022
By: Chunhu Shi, Mark Goodall, Jo Dumville, Gill Norman, Oliver Hamer, Andrew Clegg, Caroline Leigh Watkins, George Georgiou, Alexander Hodkinson, Catherine Elizabeth Lightbody, Paul Dark, Nicky Cullum
FDA Proposes Updated Recommendations to Help Improve Performance of Pulse Oximeters across Skin Tones
ARTICLE | The U.S. Food and Drug Administration published new draft guidance aimed at helping improve the accuracy and performance of pulse oximeters across the range of skin pigmentation.
January 2025
By: U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Vital Mobilities of Medical Oxygen: Theorising Oxygen Justice
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Social Science and Medicine, this study aims to describe and analyze the social lives of medical oxygen and explore opportunities for oxygen justice.
January 2025
By: Stephanie Sodero, Nimesh Dhungana, Felix Sandoe
Measuring progress towards universal oxygen access
Reducing Global Inequities in Medical Oxygen Access: The Lancet Global Health Commission on Medical Oxygen Security
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | The Lancet Global Health Commission on medical oxygen security aimed to synthesize available evidence and produce actionable recommendations. This article highlights the results of the Commission’s work.
February 2025
By: Hamish Graham, Carina King, Ahmed Ehsanur Rahman, Freddy Eric Kitutu, Leith Greenslade, Masooma Aqeel, Tim Baker, Lucio Flavio de Magalhães Brito, Harry Campbell, Karen Czischke, Mike English, Adegoke G. Falade, Patricia J. Garcia, Mireia Gil, Stephen Graham, Amy Gray, Stephen Howie, Niranjan Kissoon, Ramanan Laxminarayan, Ines Li Lin, Michael S. Lipnick, Dianne B. Lowe, David Lowrance, Eric D. McCollum, Tisungane Mvalo, Jacquie Oliwa, Stefan S. Peterson, Rediet Shimeles Workneh, Heather J. Zar, Shams El Arifeen, Freddie Ssengooba
Draft WHO Resolution: Increasing Access to Medical Oxygen
GUIDANCE | The WHO Executive Board decided to recommend to the 76th World Health Assembly the adoption of a resolution focused on increasing access to medical oxygen.
January 2023
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
National Medical Oxygen Grid
DATA DASHBOARD | This National Medical Oxygen Grid (NMOG) is a cellphone-based app to help hospitals and health officials keep track of where medical oxygen is needed and where supplies are plentiful.
By: One Health Trust
Measuring Oxygen Access: Lessons from Health Facility Assessments in Lagos, Nigeria
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMJ Global Health, this article presents a case study on oxygen access from 58 health facilities in Lagos state, Nigeria.
June 2021
By: Hamish Graham, Omotayo E. Olojede, Ayobami A. Bakare, Agnese Iuliano, Oyaniyi Olatunde, Adamu Isah, Adams Osebi, Tahlil Ahmed, Rochelle Ann Burgess, Eric D. McCollum, Tim Colbourn, Carina King, Obioma C. Uchendu, Adegoke G. Falade
Providing Oxygen to Children and Newborns: A Multi-faceted Technical and Clinical Assessment of Oxygen Access and Oxygen Use in Secondary-Level Hospitals in Southwest Nigeria
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | This study in the journal International Health evaluates the quality of oxygen therapy in 12 secondary-level Nigerian hospitals.
March 2019
By: Ayobami A. Bakare, Hamish Graham, Adejumoke I. Ayede, David Peel, Olatayo Olatinwo, Oladapo B. Oyewole, Kayode R. Fowobaje, Shamim Ahmad Qazi, Rasa Izadnegahdar, Trevor Duke, Adegoke G. Falade
Electronic Medical Oxygen Dashboard System for Daily Oxygen Monitoring and Stockout Prevention in Lesotho
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Public Health Action, this study assesses the electronic dashboard for oxygen monitoring and stockout prevention implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic across 12 hospitals in Lesotho.
March 2025
By: Kristen S. Joseph, Tau S. Ntelane, Tiiso D. Lekhela, More Mungati, Matsosane Shoba, Sello Montsi, Sebaki F. Leluma, Lawrence Oyewusi, Holly Schuh, Justine Mirembe, Nicole A. Shilkofski, Megan Strachan, Nyikadzino Mahachi, Eric D. McCollum
Paediatric Pneumonia Research Priorities in the Context of COVID-19: An eDelphi Study
JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Journal of Global Health, this study updated research priorities for childhood pneumonia in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and explored whether previous priorities have been addressed.
February 2022
By: Carina King, Kevin Baker, Sol Richardson, Alexandra Wharton-Smith, Ayobami A. Bakare, Fyezah Jehan, Mohammod Jobayer Chisti, Heather J. Zar, Shally Awasthi, Helen Smith, Leith Greenslade, Shamim Ahmad Qazi