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Resources

This library provides a comprehensive set of global and country-specific tools, guidance, and other resources to support oxygen scale-up and long-term respiratory care planning.

Electronic Medical Oxygen Dashboard System for Daily Oxygen Monitoring and Stockout Prevention in Lesotho

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Public Health Action, this study assesses the electronic dashboard for oxygen monitoring and stockout prevention implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic across 12 hospitals in Lesotho.

March 2025
By: Kristen S. Joseph, Tau S. Ntelane, Tiiso D. Lekhela, More Mungati, Matsosane Shoba, Sello Montsi, Sebaki F. Leluma, Lawrence Oyewusi, Holly Schuh, Justine Mirembe, Nicole A. Shilkofski, Megan Strachan, Nyikadzino Mahachi, Eric D. McCollum
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

The African Critical Illness Outcomes Study (ACIOS): A Point Prevalence Study of Critical Illness in 22 Nations in Africa

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in The Lancet, this prospective study examined all inpatients >18 years to assess the co-primary outcomes of critical illness and 7-day mortality in acute hospitals across Africa.

March 2025
By: African Critical Illness Outcomes Study (ACIOS) Investigators
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

WHO Virtual Workshop Series for Developing National Medical Oxygen Scale-Up Plans

PRESENTATION / WEBINAR | WHO hosted a virtual workshop series to introduce practical and applicable knowledge for Member States and partners to expand on or develop costed national oxygen scale-up plans.

March 2025
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care

A Rapid Facility-Level Assessment of Oxygen Systems in 39 Low-Income and Middle-Income Countries: A Cross-Sectional Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in The Lancet Global Health, this study describes reliable oxygen availability and functional availability in 39 low-income and middle-income countries and to compare across WHO subregions.

February 2025
By: Nadir Ijaz, Tamsin Lee, Nicholas Furtado, Emilie Macher, Zipporah Muitheri, Benjamin J. Park, David Lowrance
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Building Medical Oxygen Systems in a Resource-Limited Setting: The Case of Cameroon

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the Journal of Global Health, this paper presents concerted efforts that were undertaken to optimize the medical oxygen system in Cameroon to enhance patient care and reduce mortality.

February 2025
By: Yauba Saidu, Clarence Mbanga, Sandra Mokom, Andreas Frambo, Ousmane Diaby, Audrey Battu, Zachary Katz
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Enhancing Medical Oxygen Security in Ethiopia: A Model for Global Health

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in The Lancet Global Health, this paper discusses how Ethiopia’s efforts to improve medical oxygen security can provide valuable insights for other LMICs.

February 2025
By: Mekdes Daba Feyssa, Mebratu Massebo Cherinet, Elubabor Buno Teko, Ashenafi Beza Wasse
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

National Medical Oxygen Scale-Up Plan: Development Guidance

GUIDANCE | This guidance is intended to support the development of an actionable plan for medical oxygen scale up, which should follow a clear methodology and elements for continuous monitoring and evaluating.

February 2025
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Reducing Global Inequities in Medical Oxygen Access: The Lancet Global Health Commission on Medical Oxygen Security

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | The Lancet Global Health Commission on medical oxygen security aimed to synthesize available evidence and produce actionable recommendations. This article highlights the results of the Commission’s work.

February 2025
By: Hamish Graham, Carina King, Ahmed Ehsanur Rahman, Freddy Eric Kitutu, Leith Greenslade, Masooma Aqeel, Tim Baker, Lucio Flavio de Magalhães Brito, Harry Campbell, Karen Czischke, Mike English, Adegoke G. Falade, Patricia J. Garcia, Mireia Gil, Stephen Graham, Amy Gray, Stephen Howie, Niranjan Kissoon, Ramanan Laxminarayan, Ines Li Lin, Michael S. Lipnick, Dianne B. Lowe, David Lowrance, Eric D. McCollum, Tisungane Mvalo, Jacquie Oliwa, Stefan S. Peterson, Rediet Shimeles Workneh, Heather J. Zar, Shams El Arifeen, Freddie Ssengooba
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

The Lancet Global Health Commission on Medical Oxygen Security: Nigeria Country Case Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in The Lancet Global Health, this case study focuses on the political environment surrounding medical oxygen in Nigeria, assessing the adoption of national policies at State and local levels.

February 2025
By: Adegoke G. Falade, Abiodun A. Sogbesan, Ayobami A. Bakare, Adejumoke I. Ayede, Carina King
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Towards Equity: The Unfinished Crisis of Medical Oxygen

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in The Lancet Global Health, this study highlights a rapid assessment of oxygen systems through cross-sectional survey data across 39 LMICs in six WHO subregions.

February 2025
By: Adegoke G. Falade, Rami Subhi
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Estimates of Resource Use in the Public-Sector Health-Care System and the Effect of Strengthening Health-Care Services in Malawi during 2015–19: A Modelling Study (Thanzi La Onse)

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in The Lancet Global Health, this study estimates how health care resources provided by the public sector were used in Malawi and the effects of strengthening health services.

January 2025
By: Timothy B. Hallett, Tara D. Mangal, Asif U. Tamuri, Nimalan Arinaminpathy, Valentina Cambiano, Martin Chalkley, Joseph H. Collins, Jonathan Cooper, Matthew S. Gillman, Mosè Giordano, Matthew M. Graham, William Graham, Iwona Hawryluk, Eva Janoušková, Britta L. Jewell, Ines Li Lin, Robert Manning Smith, Gerald Manthalu, Emmanuel Mnjowe, Sakshi Mohan, Margherita Molaro, Wingston Ng’ambi, Dominic Nkhoma, Stefan Piatek, Paul Revill, Alison Rodger, Dimitra Salmanidou, Bingling She, Mikaela Smit, Pakwanja D. Twea, Tim Colbourn, Joseph Mfutso-Bengo, Andrew N. Phillips
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Medical Oxygen Ecosystem Capacity Assessment for Kenya

REPORT | This report analyzes data collected via facility assessments to provide a snapshot of the medical oxygen ecosystem from 113 health facilities in seven counties across Kenya.

November 2024
By: PATH, Kenya Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Medical Oxygen Ecosystem Capacity Assessment for Senegal

REPORT | This report analyzes and presents data collected during facility assessments in 14 provinces across Senegal, by service ward, to provide a snapshot of the country’s oxygen ecosystem.

November 2024
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Medical Oxygen Ecosystem Capacity Assessment for Tanzania

REPORT | The purpose of this assessment is quantifying the Tanzania’s capacity to produce, distribute, and utilize medical oxygen. Results demonstrate that oxygen production covers only 20% of estimated oxygen need.

November 2024
By: PATH, Tanzania Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Medical Oxygen Ecosystem Capacity Assessment for the Democratic Republic of the Congo

REPORT | This report analyzes data collected through facility assessments from 340 health facilities in 26 provinces across DRC to provide a snapshot of their medical oxygen ecosystem.

November 2024
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Medical Oxygen Ecosystem Gap Assessment for Zambia

REPORT | This report analyzes data collected during facility assessments in ten provinces across Zambia, by service ward type, to provide a snapshot of the country’s medical oxygen ecosystem.

November 2024
By: PATH, Zambia Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

What Were the Challenges and Needs Before Implementing Routine Pulse Oximetry in IMCI Consultations at Primary Health Centres in West Africa? Baseline Site Assessment of the Operational AIRE Project, 2020

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in medRxiv, this study describes AIRE project intervention sites in Burkina Faso, Guinea, Mali, and Niger and measures their capacity to offer IMCI-care prior to project implementation.

October 2024
By: Gildas Boris Hedible, Gildas Anago, Severin Lenaud, Désiré Neboua, Zineb Zair, Abdoul Guaniyi Sawadogo, Sarah Louart, Valérie Zombré, Dieney Fadima Kaba, Amadou Sidibe, Hannatou Souleymane Abarry, Sandrine Busiere, Marine Vignon, Franck Lamontagne, Valéry Ridde, Valériane Leroy
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Normative Values of Oxygen Saturation by Pulse Oximetry (SpO2) in Apparently Healthy Children from Eastern India – A Cross-Sectional Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Lung India, this study determines normative values of SpO2 by pulse oximetry in apparently healthy children and to explore variation in oxygen saturation levels by age and gender.

September 2024
By: Vivekan R. Chada, Krishna M Gulla, Rashmi R. Das, Ketan Kumar
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

The Impact and Cost-Effectiveness of Pulse Oximetry and Oxygen on Acute Lower Respiratory Infection Outcomes in Children under-5 in Malawi: A Modelling Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in The Lancet, this study evaluates the impact and cost-effectiveness of scaling up pulse oximetry and oxygen on childhood acute lower respiratory infections outcomes in Malawi.

September 2024
By: Ines Li Lin, Eric D. McCollum, Eric Thomas Buckley, Valentina Cambiano, Joseph H. Collins, Matthew M. Graham, Eva Janoušková, Carina King, Norman Lufesi, Tara D. Mangal, Joseph Mfutso-Bengo, Sakshi Mohan, Margherita Molaro, Dominic Nkhoma, Humphreys Nsona, Alexander Rothkopf, Bingling She, Lisa Smith, Asif U. Tamuri, Paul Revill, Andrew N. Phillips, Timothy B. Hallett, Tim Colbourn
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

An Oxygen Supply Is Not Enough: A Qualitative Analysis of a Pressure Swing Adsorption Oxygen Plant Program in Ethiopian Hospitals

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Global Health: Science and Practice, this study analyzed Ethiopia’s PSA plant program, showing increased access but persistent challenges in affordability and hospital preparedness.

August 2024
By: Victoria Smith, Alana Changoor, Sarah Rummage, Haileab Fekadu Wolde, Ejigu Gebeye Zeleke, Getahun Mekonnen Belay, David Barash, Cheri Reynolds
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Tuberculosis is Associated with Chronic Hypoxemia among Kenyan Adults (CHAKA): A Case-Control Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Annals of the American Thoracic Society, this study aimed to quantify the association between potential risk factors and chronic hypoxemia among adults hospitalized in Kenya.

August 2024
By: Neelima Navuluri, Peter S. Kussin, Joseph R. Egger, Elcy Birgen, Sylvia Kitur, Nathan M. Thielman, Alice Parish, Cynthia L. Green, Mark M. Janko, Lameck Diero, Kara Wools-Kaloustian, David K. Lagat, Loretta G. Que
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Neonatal Resuscitation in Some Nigerian Primary and Secondary Health Institutions: An Evaluation of Ongoing Practices

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Nigerian Journal of Paediatrics, this study evaluates neonatal resuscitation practices in Nigerian primary and secondary health facilities, identifying gaps in equipment and training that hinder effective neonatal care.

July 2024
By: Olusegun Joseph Adebami, Olusola Adetunji Oyedeji, Victor I. Joel-Medewase, Gabriel Ademola Oyedeji, Francis F. Fadero
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Increasing Access to Medical Oxygen in Rwanda National Strategy (2024-2027)

GOVERNMENT POLICY / STRATEGY | This strategy provides a clear roadmap for increasing access to medical oxygen to reach those in need at all levels of the healthcare system in Rwanda.

May 2024
By: Rwanda Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Nowhere is Safe as Deadly Fighting Escalates in El Fasher, North Darfur

 ARTICLE | MSF-supported South Hospital in Sudan, has received hundreds of casualties since an escalation of fighting on 10 May. MSF’s deputy medical coordinator describes the dire situation on the ground.

May 2024
By: Médecins sans Frontières
Oxygen ecosystem planning

USAID COVID-19 Oxygen Programs Interim Review

REPORT | This interim report reviewed USAID oxygen programs in Côte d’Ivoire, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ghana, Malawi, Mozambique, and Vietnam.

May 2024
By: Sustaining Technical and Analytic Resources (STAR) project, University of California, San Francisco
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Emergency Care Capacity in Sierra Leone: A Multicentre Analysis

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | The study, published in African Journal of Emergency Medicine, found significant deficiencies in emergency care capacity in Sierra Leone, including lacking essential infrastructure, equipment, and trained providers.

March 2024
By: Zosia Bredow, Zoe Corbett, Moses Mohamed Tarawally, Foday Tejan Mansaray, Santigie Sesay, Andrew Leather
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

The Effectiveness of Community Health Worker Training, Equipping, and Deployment in Reducing COVID-19 Infections and Deaths in Rural Western Kenya: A Comparison of Two Counties

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published PLoS Global Public Health, this study measures the effectiveness of deploying trained and equipped CHWs in reducing COVID-19 infections and deaths in two counties in rural Western Kenya.

March 2024
By: Neema Kaseje, Kennedy Oruenjo, Dan Kaseje, Marcel Tanner, Andy Haines
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Crisis in Gaza: Scenario-Based Health Impact Projections, Report One

REPORT | This project estimates the potential public health impact of the Gaza crisis under different future trajectories of its evolution (7 Feb to 6 Aug 2024).

February 2024
By: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Zeina Jamaluddine, Zhixi Chen, Hanan Abukmail, Sarah Aly, Shatha Elnakib, Gregory Barnsley, Fiona Majorin, Hannah Tong, Tak Igusa, Oona M.R. Campbell, Paul B. Spiegel, Francesco Checchi
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Hospital Readiness for the Provision of Care to Critically Ill Patients in Tanzania – An In-depth Cross-Sectional Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMC Health Services Research, this article examines hospital readiness for critical care in Tanzania, highlighting key challenges in infrastructure, staffing, and equipment.

February 2024
By: Karima Khalid, Carl Otto Schell, Jacquie Oliwa, Mike English, Onesmus O. Onyango, Jacob McKnight, Elibariki Mkumbo, Khamis Awadh, John Maiba, Tim Baker
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Strategies for Oxygen Ecosystems in Middle-Income Countries: A Review and Case Study from Lebanon

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Emergency Medicine International, this review describes strategies for oxygen ecosystems in middle-income countries, with specific experiences from Lebanon.

February 2024
By: Tim Baker, Claudio Gatti, Guido Rossini, Anne Detjen, Mulugeta Mideksa, Nadeen Hilal, Rima Shaya
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Third Delay in Care of Critically Ill Patients: A Qualitative Investigation of Public Hospitals in Kenya

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMJ Open, this exploratory qualitative study identifies delays in delivery of care to critically ill patients and possible ways to address these delays in four public Kenyan hospitals.

January 2024
By: Onesmus O. Onyango, Jacob McKnight, Carl Otto Schell, Tim Baker, Elibariki Mkumbo, John Maiba, Karima Khalid, Mike English, Jacquie Oliwa
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Global Burden of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease through 2050

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in JAMA Network Open, this study aimed to assess the global burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) through 2050 using modelling and considering COPD risk factors.

December 2023
By: Elroy Boers, Meredith Barrett, Jason G. Su, Adam V. Benjafield, Sanjeev Sinha, Leanne Kaye, Heather J. Zar, Vy Vuong, Daniela Tellez, Rahul Gondalia, Mary B. Rice, Carlos M. Nunez, Jadwiga A. Wedzicha, Atul Malhotra
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Improving the Quality of COVID-19 Care in Sierra Leone: A Modified Delphi Process and Serial Nationwide Assessments of Quality of COVID-19 Care in Sierra Leone

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in PLoS Global Public Health, this article evaluates quality improvement efforts to enhance COVID-19 care in Sierra Leone through a modified Delphi process and nationwide assessments.

December 2023
By: Daniel Youkee, Michael Lahai, Abdul Mansaray, James Bunn, Sulaiman Lakoh, Stephen Sevalie
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Identifying Surgery Capable Facilities in Plateau State of North-Central Nigeria: A Walkthrough Survey of 783 Health Facilities

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Journal of the American College of Surgeons, this study evaluates baseline surgical safety practices in Nigeria to inform targeted interventions for improving patient safety and surgical outcomes.

November 2023
By: Barnabas Alayande, Paul Kingpriest, Hapiyati Linus, Callum Forbes, Robert Riviello, Abebe Bekele, Mercy Isichei
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Critical Care Capacity and Care Bundles on Medical Wards in Malawi: A Cross-Sectional Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMC Health Services Research, this study evaluates critical care capacity in medical wards across Malawi, identifying significant barriers in both district and central hospitals.

October 2023
By: Emilia Connolly, Noel Kasomekera, Paul Sonenthal, Mulinda Nyirenda, Regan Marsh, Kirstin Scott, Alice Bukhman, Tadala Minyaliwa, Martha Katete, Grace Banda-Katha
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Challenges of Anesthetic Monitoring in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Availability of Equipment in Major Referral Hospitals in Kenya

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Anesthesia & Analgesia, this study found that most major referral hospitals in Kenya lack sufficient anesthetic monitoring equipment, with only one hospital meeting all recommended guidelines.

September 2023
By: Bryan Ogoti Atandi, Thomas Muinga Chokwe, Demet Sargin Sulemanji
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Surge Capacity of Curative Sector Healthcare Institutions for the Management of Disasters Following Disease Epidemic in Sri Lanka

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in medRixv, this study aimed to describe the surge capacity of curative-healthcare institutions for disaster management at disease endemic district of Sri Lanka.

September 2023
By: R. M. Nayani Umesha Rajapaksha, Chrishantha Abeysena, Aindralal Balasuriya, Suranga Manilgama
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

The Burden of Critical Illness among Adults in a Swedish Region—A Population-Based Point-Prevalence Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the European Journal of Medical Research, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of critical illness in a Swedish region.

September 2023
By: Carl Otto Schell, Andreas Wellhagen, Miklós Lipcsey, Petronella Bjurling-Sjöberg, Cecilia Stålsby Lundborg, Markus Castegren, Tim Baker
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Critical Care Units in Malawi: A Cross-Sectional Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Annals of Global Health, this study examines Malawi’s critical care units and identifies significant barriers such as equipment shortages and stockouts.

August 2023
By: Paul Sonenthal, Noel Kasomekera, Emilia Connolly, Martha Katete, Tadala Minyaliwa, Regan Marsh, Grace Banda-Katha, Mulinda Nyirenda, Kirstin Scott, Alice Bukhman
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Ethiopian Medical Oxygen Roadmap II (2022-2027)

GOVERNMENT POLICY / STRATEGY | Their second iteration, this oxygen roadmap provides a comprehensive approach to overcome prevailing bottlenecks and improve access to medical oxygen, diagnostics, and hypoxemia management.

August 2023
By: Ethiopia Federal Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Role of Oxygenation Devices in Alleviating the Oxygen Crisis in India

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in PLoS Global Public Health, this study aims to assess the value of improved access and use of oxygen concentrators and cylinders during the COVID-19 pandemic in India.

August 2023
By: Deepshikha Batheja, Vinith Kurian, Sharon Buteau, Ajay Nair
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Assessment of Essential Surgical and Anaesthesia Care Capacity: A Cross-Sectional Study in Five Pacific Island Countries

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in The Lancet Regional Health – West Pacific, this study evaluated surgical care capacity in five Pacific Island Countries and identified key gaps and disparities in surgical specialist densities.

July 2023
By: Rennie X. Qin, Grace Zhang, Meghan X. Lim, Ifereimi Waqainabete, Jemesa Tudravu, Josese Turagava, Rajeev Patel, Lisiate Ulufonua, Josephine Herman, Deacon Teapa, Yin Yin May, Margaret Tarere-Lehi, Basil Leodoro, Ngirachisau Mekoll, Elizabeth McLeod, Kee B. Park, Berlin Kafoa, Kiki Maoate, Viliami Tangi
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Ethiopia Service Provision Assessment (SPA) 2021–2022

REPORT | The SPA 2021-22 Report provides a comprehensive analysis of health service availability and quality in Ethiopia, focusing on infrastructure, staffing, and essential health services to inform health policy and planning.

July 2023
By: Ethiopia Federal Ministry of Health, Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) program
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Medical Oxygen as a Life-Saving Medicine: A Rapid Review of the Oxygen Landscape and Innovative Efforts in the World Health Organization Eastern Mediterranean Region in Response to COVID-19 and Beyond

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Medical Research Archives, this review explores the challenges and regional initiatives in addressing oxygen shortages in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region during the COVID-19 pandemic.

July 2023
By: Chiori Kodama, Gary Kuniyoshi, Shaffi Koya, Mostafa Monier Othman, Kazuyo Iwamoto, Abdinasir Abubakar, Richard Brennan
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Harmonized Health Facility Assessment (HHFA): Combined Questionnaire (Availability, Readiness, and Management and Finance) Core and Additional Questions. V2.1

TOOL | Published by the World Health Organization, this document provides the combined HHFA questionnaire for evaluating health facility capacities, covering service availability, readiness, management, and finance.

June 2023
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning

Phefumla Project: Identifying Challenges and Barriers in Outpatient Pulse Oximeter Implementation for Children in South Africa -Thematic Analysis of Healthcare Worker Interviews

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, this study received healthcare workers’ input on designing a pediatric smartphone-based pulse oximeter in South Africa.

May 2023
By: Lucia Jola, Elif Ilhan, Marieke van der Zalm, Pierre Goussard, Andrew Redfern, Anneke Hesseling, Carina King, Graeme Hoddinott, Eric D. McCollum
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Service Availability and Readiness Assessment of COVID-19 Disease Management at Different Tiers of Health Service Delivery in Bangladesh: Service Availability and Readiness Assessment of COVID-19

REPORT | Published in the Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin, the study aimed to assess availability and readiness based on logistics, workforce, clinical management, and IPC.

May 2023
By: Harun Ar Rashid, Nazneed Akhter, A.B.M. Rasheduzzaman, Rajon Banik, S.M. Sayadat Amin, Md Ruhul Amin
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Zambian National Medical Oxygen Strategic Plan (2022–2026)

GOVERNMENT POLICY / STRATEGY | The Zambian National Medical Oxygen Strategic Plan 2022–2026 provides strategic direction for ensuring the supply of safe medical oxygen needed to manage clients with respiratory conditions, including COVID-19.

May 2023
By: Zambia Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Nigeria’s National Strategy for the Scale-up of Medical Oxygen in Health Facilities (2023-2027)

GOVERNMENT POLICY / STRATEGY | This second national strategy builds on the foundations laid by the first plan (2017-2022) for more equitable access to medical oxygen in health facilities in Nigeria.

April 2023
By: Nigeria National Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Emergency Unit Capacity in Northern Tanzania: A Cross-Sectional Survey

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | The study, published in BMJ Open, found significant gaps in emergency care capacity in Northern Tanzania, with deficiencies in infrastructure, training, and resources.

February 2023
By: Malin Ardsby, Frida Shayo, Francis M. Sakita, Baraka Moshi, Parker Frankiewicz, Lincoln Luis Silva, Catherine Staton, Blandina Mmbaga, Anjni Joiner
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Foundations of Medical Oxygen Systems

GUIDANCE | This document has been compiled to capture definitions, technical requirements, tools and resources related to medical oxygen systems.

February 2023
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

Malawi National Medical Equipment Baseline Inventory Report 2022

REPORT | PATH partnered with the Malawian Ministry of Health to conduct a detailed equipment inventory survey that documents current availability and functionality of key medical equipment.

February 2023
By: PATH, Malawi Ministry of Health and Population
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Oxygen Inequity in the COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | This article in Global Health: Science and Practice highlights how expedited solutions must be balanced with locally-led and context-specific sustainability planning for oxygen sourcing and supply infrastructures.

February 2023
By: Madeline Ross, Sarah K. Wendel
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Ghana’s Strategic Action Plan for the National Medical Oxygen Policy

GOVERNMENT POLICY / STRATEGY | This strategic action plan goes into detail on the strategic framework, as outlined by the National Medical Oxygen Policy, and lays the foundation for scaling up medical oxygen across Ghana.

January 2023
By: Ghana Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Readiness of Rural Health Facilities to Provide Immediate Postpartum Care in Uganda

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMC Health Services Research, this study assessed the facility readiness for the provision of postpartum care within the immediate postpartum period in the greater Mpigi region, Uganda.

January 2023
By: Mariam Namutebi, Gorrette K. Nalwadda, Simon Kasasa, Cynthia Kuteesa Ndikuno, Dan K. Kaye
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Eswatini’s National Medical Oxygen Operational Plan (2023-2025)

GOVERNMENT POLICY / STRATEGY | The overarching objective of this operational plan is to improve access to medical oxygen for all people in Eswatini and ensure effective use to save lives by the year 2025.

December 2022
By: Eswatini Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Hospital Emergency Facility Assessment for North-Central Nigeria: Who Has Access to What?

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Journal of the American College of Surgeons, this study evaluates access to emergency care in North-Central Nigeria and highlights the challenges in providing timely and effective care.

November 2022
By: Barnabas Alayande, Paul Kingpriest, Bashiru Ismaila, Callum Forbes, Selam Degu, Robert Riviello, Abebe Bekele, Esther Ismaila
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Making the Case for Oxygen: Ensuring Continued Investment in Medical Oxygen Systems

PRESENTATION / WEBINAR | This PATH Live Forum brought together thought leaders to discuss challenges and solutions associated with sustainable oxygen access to energize long-term oxygen investment.

November 2022
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Strengthening Oxygen Data Management Systems: Zambia Oxygen Data Dashboard Report

REPORT | This report provides survey results related to use of Zambia’s oxygen data dashboard, which demonstrates many were aware of the dashboard, but most did not use it regularly.

November 2022
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Strengthening Oxygen Systems in Asia and the Pacific: Guidance Note

GUIDANCE | This guidance note provides a comprehensive overview of medical oxygen production, distribution, and use in Asia and the Pacific region and explores how to improve systems over time.

November 2022
By: Asian Development Bank
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Evaluation of Essential and Emergency Surgery Provide in Primary Hospitals of Gedeo Zone and Sidama Region, South, Ethiopia, 2020

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Open Access Emergency Medicine, this study assesses the capacity of essential and emergency surgical services in primary hospitals of Gedeo zone and Sidama region, South Ethiopia.

September 2022
By: Teshome Regasa, Abebayehu Zemedkun, Derartu Neme
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Surgical Capacity Assessment in the State of Amazonas Using the Surgical Assessment Tool: Cross-Sectional Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões, this study assesses surgical care capacity among hospitals providing care for the rural populations in the Amazonas state of Brazil.

September 2022
By: José Emerson Souza, Rodrigo Vaz Ferreirai, Saurabh Saluja, Isabelle Citron, Paul Truche, Lina Roa, Kathrin Zimmerman, Hillary Jenny, Alexis Bowder, Jessica D.E. Oliveira Correia, John Gerard Meara, Nivaldo Alonso
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

A 2-Phase Survey to Assess a Facility’s Readiness for Pediatric Essential Emergency and Critical Care in Resource-Limited Settings: A Literature Review and Survey Development

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Pediatric Emergency Care, this study aimed to develop a comprehensive, digital, open-access health facility survey to assess facility readiness to provide pediatric critical care in resource-limited settings.

August 2022
By: Jollee Fung, Bella Hwang, Dustin Dunsmuir, Suiyven Elvis Dzelamunyuy, Odiraa Nwankwor, Abner Tagoola, Jessica Trawin, J. Mark Ansermino, Niranjan Kissoon
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Improving Facility-Based Care: Eliciting Tacit Knowledge to Advance Intervention Design

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMJ Global Health, this study highlights the importance of eliciting tacit knowledge from healthcare workers to improve facility-based care in low-resource settings.

August 2022
By: Mike English, Jacinta Nzinga, Jacquie Oliwa, Michuki Maina, Dorothy Oluoch, Grace Irimu, Naomi Muinga, Charles Vincent, Jacob McKnight
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Nepal Health Facility Survey 2021

REPORT | This report presents the 2021 Nepal Health Facility Survey findings, covering infrastructure, resource availability, service readiness, and quality of care in the country’s health facilities.

August 2022
By: Nepal Ministry of Health, Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) program
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Shortages and Vulnerabilities of Hospital Oxygen Systems

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Respiratory Care, this article outlines procedures for estimating medical gas flow limitations within health care organizations and also methods for estimating gas consumption.

August 2022
By: Robert L. Chatburn, Richard D. Branson
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Evidence, Policy, Impact: WHO Guide for Evidence-Informed Decision-Making

GUIDANCE | This guide and associated tool repository provide vetted methods and tools to better leverage diverse forms of evidence for more effective policy and practice in clinical and public health.

July 2022
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning

India Training Module: Basics of Medical Oxygen Management System

COURSE / TRAINING VIDEO | The Training of Trainers module is meant for providing training to those participants who are expected to effectively oversee the oxygen ecosystem at their respective levels.

July 2022
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care

Manual on Conducting Oxygen Audits

GUIDANCE | This is a reference guide that provides guidance on conducting oxygen audits with an aim to debunk the myths surrounding such audits in health facilities.

July 2022
By: PATH, Jhpiego, Nishtha
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

Misconception on Oxygen Administration Among Patients and their Caregivers in Ado Ekiti, Nigeria

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Annals of African Medicine, this study examines misconceptions about oxygen therapy among patients and caregivers in Nigeria, highlighting beliefs that delay oxygen administration.

July 2022
By: Adekunle O. Adeoti, Olufemi Desalu, Tobiloba Elebiyo
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

National Strategic Plan on Essential Emergency and Critical Care Services

GOVERNMENT POLICY / STRATEGY | This National Strategic Plan on Essential Emergency and Critical Care (EECC) Services will guide stakeholders to effective provision of the prioritized care and improved quality of care in health systems.

July 2022
By: Tanzania Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

State-Wide Situation Analysis of Availability of Basic Resuscitation Devices and Essential Drugs in Primary and Secondary Healthcare Facilities in Cross River State, Nigeria

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the Pan African Medical Journal, this study evaluated the current state of availability of basic life support devices and essential drugs in healthcare facilities in southern Nigeria.

July 2022
By: Queeneth Ndukwe Kalu, Teresa Abang Edentekhe, Ogban Ezukwa Omoronyia, Bassey Etim Nakanda, Arit Ayi Archibong
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Strengthening Oxygen Utilization and Respiratory Care Ecosystems (SOURCE) Project

INFORMATION BRIEF | This factsheet offers an overview of the Strengthening Oxygen Utilization and Respiratory Care Ecosystems (SOURCE) project to support countries to equitably improve oxygen access.

July 2022
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Intensive Care in Sub-Saharan Africa: A National Review of the Service Status in Ethiopia

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Anesthesia & Analgesia, this study reviews the status of intensive care services in Ethiopia, highlighting infrastructure and training gaps.

May 2022
By: Fitsum Kifle, Yared Boru, Hailu Dhufera Tamiru, Yenegeta Walelign, Azeb Demelash, Abigail Beane, Rashan Haniffa, Alegnta Gebreyesus, Jolene Moore
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Malawi Harmonized Health Facility Assessment (HHFA) 2018-2019

REPORT | This report evaluates the availability and readiness of healthcare services across health facilities in Malawi, focusing on infrastructure, quality of care, and service delivery for key health services.

May 2022
By: World Health Organization (WHO), Malawi Ministry of Health and Population
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Silent Hypoxia in Coronavirus Disease-2019: Is it More Dangerous? A Retrospective Cohort Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Lung India, this retrospective study looked at the presence of hypoxia without dyspnea in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

May 2022
By: Prashant Sirohiya, Arunmozhimaran Elavarasi, Hari Krishna Raju Sagiraju, Nishkarsh Gupta, Rohit Kumar Garg, Saurav Sekhar Paul, Brajesh Kumar Ratre, Ram Singh, Balbir Kumar, Saurabh Vig, Anuja Pandit, Abhishek Kumar, Rakesh Garg, Ved Prakash Meena, Saurabh Mittal, Saurabh Pahuja, Nupur Das, Tanima Dwivedi, Ritu Gupta, Sunil Kumar, Manisha Pandey, Abhinav Mishra, Karanvir Singh Matharoo, Anant Mohan, Randeep Guleria, Sushma Bhatnagar
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

The Impact of Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) on Emergency and Essential Surgical Care in Gedeo and Sidama Zone Hospitals: An Institutional-Based Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Annals of Medicine and Surgery, this study assessed how COVID-19 affected essential and emergency surgical care in Gedeo and Sidama zone hospitals in Ethiopia.

May 2022
By: Teshome Regasa, Abebayehu Zemedkun, Derartu Neme, Muddin Tadese, Hailemariam Getachew, Belete Alemu, Seyoum Hailu
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Current Status of Prevention and Treatment of Respiratory Diseases in Primary Care in China: A Cross-Sectional Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMC Pulmonary Medicine, this study evaluated respiratory disease management in Chinese primary care settings. It found that overall management of respiratory diseases was inadequate.

April 2022
By: Xueqin Chen, Wei Sun, Shan Li, Mao Huang, Ningfei Ji
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Recomendaciones para Adoptar y Adquirir Plantas Generadoras de Oxígeno Mediante Adsorción por Cambio de Presión [Recommendations to Adopt and Acquire Oxygen-generating Pressure Swing Adsorption Plants]

GUIDANCE | This publication aims to give an overview to those who wish to start a process of evaluation and acquisition of oxygen-generating pressure swing adsorption plants.

April 2022
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

Standards of Inpatient Care during Acute Exacerbation of COPD in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the Rawal Medical Journal, this study evaluates the quality of care of patients with acute exacerbation of COPD and the change in practice after educational program and recommendations.

April 2022
By: Saima Akhter, Sadhna Priya, Naseem Ahmed, Nadeem Rizvi
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Strengthening Capacity to Effectively Manage Medical Oxygen Systems in India

INFORMATION BRIEF | This compilation of testimonials highlights PATH’s support to strengthen capacity to effectively manage medical oxygen systems in India.

April 2022
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

A Nationwide Enumeration of the Surgical Workforce, its Production and Disparities in Operative Productivity in Liberia

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in World Journal of Surgery, this study found that Liberia has a critical shortage of surgical specialists, leading non-specialist physicians to perform the majority of operations.

March 2022
By: Håvard A. Adde, Alex van Duinen, Lawrence Sherman, B.C. Andrews, Øyvind Salvesen, Nelson K. Dunbar, A.J. Bleah, Thomas Weiser, Håkon Angell Bolkan
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Anesthesia Facility Assessment Tool

TOOL | This questionnaire supports the creation of a data set to help evaluate national capacity for anesthesia care and to provide guidance for improving or maintaining safe anesthesia standards.

March 2022
By: World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists (WFSA)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care

Assessment Report on the Availability of Oxygen and Biomedical Equipment in Health Facilities: DRC Facility Survey Report

REPORT | This report summarizes observations from the collected data of a biomedical equipment survey and is intended to help global and national stakeholders understand COVID-19 treatment capacity in DRC.

March 2022
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Challenges of Pediatric Anesthesia Services and Training Infrastructure in Tertiary Care Teaching Institutions in Pakistan: A Perspective from the Province of Sindh

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Anesthesia & Analgesia, this study highlighted deficiencies in pediatric anesthesia services and training infrastructure in Sindh, Pakistan, including inconsistent equipment availability and lack of standardized practices.

March 2022
By: Fauzia Khan, Saeeda Haider, Nighat Abbas, Navaid Akhtar, Nur Ul Haq, M. Saleh Khaskheli, Younis Khatri, Nadeem Munir, Hamid Raza, Maqsood Ahmed Siddiqui, Ahmed Uddin Soomro, Safia Zafar Siddiqui
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

How COVID-19 Laid Bare Africa’s Medical Oxygen Crisis

 ARTICLE | Though the COVID-19 response has had a positive impact on Africa’s medical oxygen sector, health experts said the gains made during the pandemic should be sustained in the long term.

March 2022
By: Devex, Paul Adepoju
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care

Quality of Care for Children with Acute Respiratory Infections in Health Facilities: A Comparative Analysis of Assessment Tools

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Using established indicators from WHO, this review—published in Journal of Global Health—evaluate how well existing tools assess quality of care for children presenting with acute respiratory infections.

March 2022
By: Alicia Quach, Shidan Tosif, Stephen Graham, Claire von Mollendorf, Kim Mulholland, Hamish Graham, Trevor Duke, Fiona Russell
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Oxygen Supply in Hospitals: Requisites in the Current Pandemic

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Anesthesia Essays and Researches, this literature review attempts to enrich readers in further strengthening the oxygen supplies in hospitals during pandemics and other natural disasters.

February 2022
By: Ragi Jain, Charu Sharma
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

How to Design and Implement National Oxygen Roadmaps for Oxygen Scale Up: Case Study from Ethiopia

 ARTICLE | In 2016, the Ethiopian Ministry of Health designed and implemented an oxygen and pulse oximetry scale up road map, which resulted in significant improvements in oxygen availability and use.

January 2022
By: Ethiopia Federal Ministry of Health, Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Moving Across Mountains: Enabling Medical Oxygen Availability in Hard-to-reach Areas

INFORMATION BRIEF | This case study highlights PATH’s support in making medical oxygen available in hard-to-reach areas of India.

January 2022
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

The Malawi Emergency and Critical Care Survey: A Cross-Sectional National Facility Assessment

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in EClinicalMedicine, this study used a novel research instrument to assess public sector emergency and critical care capacity and service readiness in LICs, with a pilot first in Malawi.

January 2022
By: Mulinda Nyirenda, Noel Kasomekera, Emily B. Wroe, Alice Bukhman, Emilia Connolly, Tadala Minyaliwa, Martha Katete, Grace Banda-Katha, Joia S. Mukherjee, Shada A. Rouhani
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Vietnam Respiratory Care Equipment Supplier Landscape

REPORT | This report provides an overview of the respiratory care equipment supplier landscape in Vietnam.

January 2022
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

An Overview of Intensive Care Unit Services in Nigeria

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the Journal of Critical Care, this study provides a current overview of the state of critical care services in Nigeria, including the basic infrastructure, personnel, equipment, and processes.

December 2021
By: Obashina Ogunbiyi, Arinola Sanusi, Babatunde Osinaike, Saidu Yakubu, Muyiwa Rotimi, Oluwabunmi Fatungase
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Cambodia Oxygen Preparedness Plan (2022-2025)

GOVERNMENT POLICY / STRATEGY | The objective of this Oxygen Preparedness Plan is to identify and implement priority activities which urgently need to be undertaken to respond to the current COVID-19 outbreak in Cambodia.

December 2021
By: Cambodia Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

From Production to Patient: A Roadmap to Strengthen Oxygen Access in Malawi

 ARTICLE | PATH partnered with the Malawi Ministry of Health and UNICEF to develop and launch a roadmap to establish and maintain a comprehensive national medical oxygen ecosystem.

December 2021
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Malawi’s National Medical Oxygen Ecosystem Roadmap (2021-2026)

GOVERNMENT POLICY / STRATEGY | This oxygen roadmap provides a structured and attainable plan to establish and maintain a comprehensive national medical oxygen ecosystem in Malawi.

December 2021
By: Malawi Ministry of Health and Population, PATH, UNICEF
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Medical Oxygen Supplier Landscape in Vietnam

REPORT | This report examines the state of medical oxygen supply in Vietnam and offers insights into the strengths and weaknesses of the oxygen supply system.

December 2021
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

National Hospital Readiness for COVID-19 in Lesotho: Evidence for Oxygen Ecosystem Strengthening

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Public Health Action, this study assesses the readiness of Lesotho’s hospitals to handle COVID-19, focusing on the gaps in the oxygen ecosystem and infection prevention.

December 2021
By: Jill Sanders, Tafadzwa Chakare, Lucy Mapota-Masoabi, M.M. Ramokhele, Aleisha M. Rozario, Eric D. McCollum
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Health Facility Service Readiness Checklist

TOOL | The Health Facility Service Readiness Checklist was systematically developed to determine the facility’s service readiness for small and sick newborn care prior to NEST installation.

November 2021
By: NEST360
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

Paediatric Emergency Triage, Assessment and Treatment (ETAT)–Preparedness for Implementation at Primary Care Facilities in Malawi

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Global Health Action, this study establishes how prepared frontline facilities in Malawi are to implement WHO ETAT guidelines to support policy and planning decisions.

November 2021
By: Carina King, Albert Dube, Beatiwel Zadutsa, Lumbani Banda, Josephine Langton, Nicola Desmond, Norman Lufesi, Charles Makwenda, Helena Hildenwall
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Strengthening Access to Medical Oxygen for Women’s and Children’s Health

PRESENTATION / WEBINAR | This webinar discusses medical oxygen needs for women and children, highlighting the various medical oxygen delivery systems, and presenting a series of technical resources in PATH’s Oxygen Delivery Toolkit.

November 2021
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

Business Models in Respiratory Care

INFORMATION BRIEF | This brief introduces the oxygen ecosystem and then outlines four business models: bulk supply agreements, cash-and-carry filling stations, direct equipment purchases, and equipment leasing.

October 2021
By: PATH, Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

Capacity to Provide Care for Common Childhood Infections at Low-Level Private Health Facilities in Western, Uganda

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in PLoS One, this study found that essential medicines for children were largely available at low-level private health facilities in Uganda, but crucial equipment and clinical guidelines were lacking.

October 2021
By: Juliet Mwanga-Amumpaire, Grace Ndeezi, Karin Källander, Richard Migisha, Juvenal Nkeramahame, Cecilia Stålsby Lundborg, Joan Nakayaga Kalyango, Tobias Alfvén
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Changes in the Availability of Medical Oxygen and its Clinical Practice in Ethiopia during a National Scale Up Program: A Time Series Design from Thirty-two Public Hospitals

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMC Pediatrics, this study evaluates whether availability of oxygen and its clinical practice in public hospitals of Ethiopia changed during the time of their oxygen roadmap implementation.

October 2021
By: Habtamu Seyoum Tolla, Yigeremu Abebe Asemere, Alebel Yaregal Desale, Dinkineh Bikila Woyessa, Zinabie Feleke Fekadu, Alemayehu Berhanu Belete, Audrey Battu, Felix Lam
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Guidebook on Medical Oxygen Management System

GUIDANCE | This guidebook presents a comprehensive view at the entire oxygen ecosystem in Meghalaya, India and will be helpful to various stakeholders in the field.

October 2021
By: Government of Meghalaya, Nishtha, Jhpiego, PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care

National Roadmap to Increase Access to Medical Oxygen in Liberia (2021-2024)

GOVERNMENT POLICY / STRATEGY | This roadmap is intended to guide implementation and coordination of oxygen activities in Liberia, to provide cost estimates for implementation, and to support resource mobilization efforts.

October 2021
By: Liberia Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Systematic Assessment of COVID-19 Pandemic in Bangladesh: Effectiveness of Preparedness in the First Wave

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Frontiers in Public Health, this study describes a visual exploratory data analysis and the use of a polynomial model to estimate the number of COVID-19 deaths in Bangladesh.

October 2021
By: Priom Saha, Jahida Gulshan
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Availability of Facility Resources and Services and Infection-Related Maternal Outcomes in the WHO Global Maternal Sepsis Study: A Cross-Sectional Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in The Lancet Global Health, this study found that while most facilities in 46 countries had sufficient resources for infection prevention, maternal outcomes were worse in low-income areas.

September 2021
By: Vanessa Brizuela, Cristina Cuesta, Gino Bartolelli, Sabina Abou Malham, Bouchra Assarag, Rigoberto Castro Banegas, Virginia Díaz, Faysal El-Kak, Mohamed El Sheikh, Aquilino M. Pérez, João Paulo Souza, Mercedes Bonet, Edgardo Abalos
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Improving Newborn and Pediatric Quality of Care by Strengthening Access to Safe Use of Oxygen, Pulse Oximetry, and Infection Prevention and Control Measures

INFORMATION BRIEF | These case studies demonstrate how UNICEF Bangladesh, Liberia, Kenya, and Nepal supported governments to ensure COVID-19 investments led to improved oxygen access for newborns and children.

September 2021
By: UNICEF
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Madagascar’s National Strategic Plan for Oxygen Therapy (2021-2023)

GOVERNMENT POLICY / STRATEGY | This strategic plan for oxygen therapy aims to achieve 100% oxygen coverage at each level of the health system in Madagascar, through autonomy of oxygen production at the regional level.

September 2021
By: Madagascar Ministry of Public Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

The COVID-19 Oxygen Crisis: How Did We Get Here? Part 1. The Emergence of a Virus

 ARTICLE | Published on Gas World, this article explores oxygen supply chain shortages that ultimately failed to prevent the loss of many thousands of lives.

September 2021
By: Rob Cockerill
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

The COVID-19 Oxygen Crisis: How Did We Get Here? Part 2. The Healthcare State-of-Play

 ARTICLE | Published on Gas World, this articles provides an overview of lessons learned from past epidemics and the interplay between political playbooks and pandemic preparedness.

September 2021
By: Rob Cockerill
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

WHO Pakistan Biomedical Equipment Survey

REPORT | This report highlights an assessment of biomedical equipment in Pakistan, especially focusing on oxygen supply systems.

September 2021
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Challenges in the Delivery of Critical Care in India during the COVID-19 Pandemic

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the Journal of the Intensive Care Society, this perspective article highlights the critical care preparedness of India for the COVID-19 pandemic and the associated challenges.

August 2021
By: Bharath Kumar Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan, Sheila Nainan Myatra, Meghena Mathew, Nirmalyo Lodh, Jigeeshu Vasishtha Divatia, Naomi Hammond, Vivekanand Jha Balasubramanian Venkatesh
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Assessment of Surgical Capacity in Chiapas, Mexico: A Cross-Sectional Study of the Public and Private Sector

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMJ Open, this study reveals that while private hospitals in Chiapas, Mexico, have better infrastructure, public hospitals perform more surgeries at a lower cost.

July 2021
By: Lina Roa, Ellie Moeller, Zachary Fowler, Fernando Carrillo, Sebastian Mohar, Wendy Williams, John Gerard Meara, Robert Riviello, Pablo Tarsicio Uribe-Leitz, Valeria Macias
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Managing Pneumonia through Facility-Based Integrated Management of Childhood Management (IMCI) Services: An Analysis of the Service Availability and Readiness among Public Health Facilities in Bangladesh

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMC Health Services Research, this study evaluates the service availability and readiness of public health facilities in Bangladesh to manage childhood pneumonia through IMCI services.

July 2021
By: Ahmed Ehsanur Rahman, Shema Mhajabin, Harish Nair, Shams El Arifeen, Harry Campbell
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Oxygen Generation and Storage

INFORMATION BRIEF | This supply intelligence brief series is intended to be a concise primer to understand the solutions available to meet a health system’s need for medical oxygen and its delivery.

July 2021
By: PATH, Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

WHO Technical Consultation on Oxygen Access Scale Up for COVID-19

GUIDANCE | WHO convened a consultation, held over four meetings, with groups that have proven experience implementing oxygen scale up activities to accelerate oxygen access at the country level.

July 2021
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Challenges of Hospital Oxygen Management during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Rural Nepal

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | This article in American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene argues the imperative to consider scalable, sustainable approaches to providing oxygen to those in greatest need at a policy level.

June 2021
By: Navin Bhatt, Shristi Nepal, Richard J. Pinder, Don Eliseo Lucero-Prisno III, Shyam Sundar Budhathoki
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Essential Considerations Related to Installing a PSA Plant

PRESENTATION / WEBINAR | This webinar covers essential considerations related to installing a PSA plant, including conducting a scope and need analysis, considering overall cost, looking at the advantages of piping, and more.

June 2021
By: Assist International, Catapillar Foundation, Build Health International, World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

Measuring Oxygen Access: Lessons from Health Facility Assessments in Lagos, Nigeria

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMJ Global Health, this article presents a case study on oxygen access from 58 health facilities in Lagos state, Nigeria.

June 2021
By: Hamish Graham, Omotayo E. Olojede, Ayobami A. Bakare, Agnese Iuliano, Oyaniyi Olatunde, Adamu Isah, Adams Osebi, Tahlil Ahmed, Rochelle Ann Burgess, Eric D. McCollum, Tim Colbourn, Carina King, Obioma C. Uchendu, Adegoke G. Falade
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Biomedical Equipment for COVID-19 Case Management: Zambia COVID-19 Treatment Facility Survey Report

REPORT | This report summarizes observations from the collected data of a biomedical equipment survey and is intended to help global and national stakeholders understand COVID-19 treatment capacity in Zambia.

May 2021
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Facility-level Commodity Quantification Tool

TOOL | This document, featuring a tool to quantify facility-level commodities, is part of a set of tools that can be locally modified to train health providers in respiratory care.

May 2021
By: Open Critical Care, Sustaining Technical and Analytic Resources (STAR) project, University of California, San Francisco
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

Neonatal Mortality in Kenyan Hospitals: A Multisite, Retrospective, Cohort Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMJ Global Health, this study analyzes neonatal mortality in Kenyan hospitals, identifying major risk factors and calling for improved prenatal and neonatal care to reduce mortality.

May 2021
By: Grace Irimu, Jalemba Aluvaala, Lucas Malla, Morris Ogero, George Mbevi, Mary Waiyego, Caroline Mwangi, Fred Were, David Gathara, Ambrose Agweyu, Samuel Akech, Mike English
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Assessing the Medical Oxygen Ecosystem: Tools from National to Primary Healthcare Levels

TOOL | This collection of tools is a resource to support meaningful assessments and better target effective interventions for those who are building the oxygen ecosystem.

April 2021
By: Meeting Targets and Maintaining Epidemic Control (EpiC) project
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care

Assessment Report on the Availability of Oxygen and Biomedical Equipment in Health Facilities: City Province of Kinshasa, DRC, Facility Survey Report

REPORT | This report summarizes observations from the collected data of a biomedical equipment survey and is intended to help global and national stakeholders understand COVID-19 treatment capacity in Kinshasa, DRC.

April 2021
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Biomedical Equipment for COVID-19 Case Management: Senegal Facility Survey Report

REPORT | This report summarizes observations from the collected data of a biomedical equipment survey and is intended to help global and national stakeholders understand COVID-19 treatment capacity in Senegal.

April 2021
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

COVID-19 Preparedness at Health Facilities and Community Service Points Serving People Living with HIV in Sierra Leone

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in PLoS One, this study examines the COVID-19 preparedness of health facilities and community service points in Sierra Leone that serve PLHIV.

April 2021
By: Lauren Parmley, Kieran Hartsough, Oliver Eleeza, Bockarie Sesay, Amon Njenga, Mame Toure, Ginika Egesimba, Haja Bah, Alex Bayoh, Abdulraheem Yakubu, Ellen A.B. Morrison, Susan Michaels-Strasser
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (IMCI): A Mixed-Methods Study on Implementation, Knowledge, and Resource Availability in Malawi

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMJ Paediatrics Open, this study investigates the implementation of IMCI in Malawi, focusing on knowledge gaps and resource availability in healthcare settings.

April 2021
By: Kim Kilov, Helena Hildenwall, Albert Dube, Beatiwel Zadutsa, Lumbani Banda, Josephine Langton, Nicola Desmond, Norman Lufesi, Charles Makwenda, Carina King
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Operational Recommendations Resource Package

GUIDANCE | This guidance aids country teams with program design and source language for developing funding requests for accelerating COVID-19 response efforts.

April 2021
By: Partners in Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

PIH Technical Toolkit: Building Resilient Oxygen Systems

TOOL | This tool is meant to support the strengthening of oxygen ecosystems, including infrastructure design and maintenance, supply chain, training and ongoing mentorship, and clinical guideline development.

April 2021
By: Partners in Health, Build Health International, Jim Ansara, Frances Cherestal, Noah Hudelson, Forrest Shroyer, Paul Sonenthal
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care

A Survey of Anaesthesia Practices at All Hospitals Performing Caesarean Sections in Sierra Leone

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, this study found that spinal anesthesia was the most common method for caesarean sections in Sierra Leone, but many providers lacked formal qualifications.

March 2021
By: Herman Lonnée, Katinka Taule, Johanne Knoph Sandvand, Michael Koroma, Abubakar Dumbuya, Kakpama Jusu, Mohamed Shour, Alex van Duinen
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Availability of Oxygen and Other Essential Medical Products in COVID-19 Treatment Facilities of Nepal

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in The Lancet, this study aimed to assess the status of essential medical products, oxygen supply, and methods of procurement in COVID-19 treatment facilities across Nepal.

March 2021
By: Suraj Bhattarai, Arun Neopane, Bikal Shrestha, Barclay T. Stewart, Charles Mock
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

COVID-19 in Malawi: Lessons in Pandemic Preparedness from a Tertiary Children’s Hospital

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Archives of Disease in Childhood, this article reflects on the pandemic response at a hospital in Malawi, highlighting the role of local leadership, community support, and embedded research.

March 2021
By: Jessica Chaziya, Bridget Freyne, Samantha Lissauer, Josephine Langton, Bernadette O’Hare, Elizabeth Molyneux, Christopher Moxon, Pui-Ying Iroh Tam, Lucy Hoskyns, Henderson Masanjala, Sakina Ilepere, Memory Ngwira, Kondwani Kawaza, Daniel Mumba, Yamikani Chimalizeni, Queen Dube
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Investing in Oxygen to Close the Oxygen Access Gap During COVID-19 and Beyond

PRESENTATION / WEBINAR | CHAI and Murdoch Children’s Research Institute held a virtual event moderated by President Bill Clinton, to discuss the urgent need to expand global access to medical oxygen.

March 2021
By: Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI), Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Capacity of Intensive Care Units in Ghana

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Journal of Critical Care, this observational study highlights Ghana’s critical shortage of ICU beds and intensivists, with only 0.5 ICU beds per 100,000 people.

February 2021
By: Moses Siaw-Frimpong, Sunkaru Touray, Nana Sefa
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Oxygen Supplies and COVID-19 Mortality in Africa

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | As noted in this article from The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, oxygen is becoming critical as the 2nd wave of COVID-19 unfolds in Africa and health systems become overwhelmed.

February 2021
By: Esther Nakkazi
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Perioperative Provider Safety During COVID-19: A Global Survey

MULTIMEDIA | This survey, covering 230 hospitals across 63 countries, shows the chronic resource and training gaps faced by LMIC health workers as they battle both surgical emergencies and COVID-19 care.

February 2021
By: LifeBox, Jhpiego
Oxygen ecosystem planning

Surgical and Trauma Capacity Assessment in Rural Haryana, India

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Annals of Global Health, this study estimates surgical and trauma care capacity in rural Nanakpur, Haryana, India using the PIPES and INTACT tools.

February 2021
By: Manisha B. Bhatia, Srivarshini C. Mohan, Kevin J. Blair, Ashish Bhalla, Sristi Sharma, Irene Helenowski, Leah C. Tatebe, Benedict Nwomeh, Mamta Swaroop
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Assessment of Local Supply Chains and Stock Management Practices for Trauma Care Resources in Ghana: A Comparative Small Sample Cross-Sectional Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMC Health Services Research, the study found that hospitals with better stock management practices had higher trauma care resource availability in Ghana.

January 2021
By: Godfred Boakye, Adam Gyedu, Melissa Stewart, Peter Donkor, Charles Mock
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Biomedical Equipment for COVID-19 Case Management: Malawi Facility Survey Report

REPORT | This report summarizes observations from the collected data of a biomedical equipment survey and is intended to help global and national stakeholders understand COVID-19 treatment capacity in Malawi.

January 2021
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Designing Paper‐Based Records to Improve the Quality of Nursing Documentation in Hospitals: A Scoping Review

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Journal of Clinical Nursing, this review highlighted the importance of systematic, human-centered design in creating paper-based nursing records for inpatient care.

January 2021
By: Naomi Muinga, Ibukun-Oluwa Omolade Abejirinde, Chris Paton, Mike English, Marjolein Zweekhorst
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Liberia Oxygen Assessment

REPORT | CHAI supported the Liberia Ministry of Health to conduct an assessment of select facilities to understand current availability of oxygen equipment, as well as facility readiness to provide oxygen therapy.

January 2021
By: Liberia Ministry of Health, Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Rural Healthcare Workers’ Views on the Introduction of Solar Power and Oxygen Concentrators in Health Facilities in Papua New Guinea: A Qualitative Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Tropical Doctor, this study explored the views of rural health workers in Papua New Guinea on the impact of a program to improve their oxygen delivery systems.

January 2021
By: Francis Pulsan, Trevor Duke, John D. Vince
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Improving Hospital Oxygen Systems for COVID-19 in Low-resource Settings: Lessons From the Field

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | As highlighted in this Global Health: Science and Practice article, field experience from African and Asia-Pacific contexts reveal practical strategies whereby hospitals can rapidly improve their oxygen systems.

December 2020
By: Hamish Graham, Sheillah M. Bagayana, Ayobami A. Bakare, Bernard Olayo, Stefan S. Peterson, Trevor Duke, Adegoke G. Falade
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

COVID-19 Oxygen Needs Tracker

TOOL | This is an interactive tool to help stakeholders communicate the urgency of investing in access to medical oxygen and related technologies to meet the needs of COVID-19 in LMICs.

November 2020
By: PATH, Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Health Workforce Estimator

TOOL | This tool estimates the number of contact tracers needed to identify and trace COVID-19 cases and estimate the number of health workers needed to treat COVID-19 cases.

November 2020
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care

How Successful Bangladesh is in Controlling the Coronavirus Pandemic?

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the Bulletin of the National Research Centre, this study examines whether Bangladesh’s stringent policy measures during the COVID-19 pandemic had any positive impact on controlling case numbers.

November 2020
By: Ayatullah Al Musabi Akanda, Redwan Ahmed
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Suite of Health Service Capacity Assessments in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic, Interim Guidance, 2 November 2020

TOOL | This suite of modules is designed to meet country needs throughout the different phases of COVID-19 preparedness, response, and recovery and is aligned with all published WHO guidance on COVID-19.

November 2020
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Sénégal : Enquête Continue sur la Prestation des Services de Soins de Santé (ECPSS) 2019 [Senegal: Continuous Survey on the Provision of Health Care Services (ECPSS) 2019]

REPORT | This survey provides detailed information on the delivery of services and the functioning of the various elements of the health system in Senegal in 2019, including those related to oxygen...

November 2020
By: Senegal Ministry of Health and Social Action, Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) program
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Adaptt Surge Planning Support Tool

TOOL | The Adaptt Surge Planning Support Tool is an Excel-based graphical tool intended for policymakers and senior planners to focus on surge planning information.

October 2020
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning

Availability of Equipment and Medications for Non-Communicable Diseases and Injuries at Public First-Referral Level Hospitals: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Service Provision Assessments in Eight Low-Income Countries

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMJ Open, this study reveals significant shortages in essential equipment and medications for non-communicable diseases and injuries across eight low-income countries.

October 2020
By: Neil Gupta, Matthew Coates, Abebe Bekele, Darius Leopold Fénelon, Anna Gage, Theodros Getachew, Biraj Man Karmacharya, Gene Kwan, Aimée Lulebo, Jones Masiye, Mary Theodory Mayige, Maïmouna Ndour Mbaye Malay Kanti Mridha, Paul Park, Wubaye Walelgne Dagnaw, Gene Bukhman
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

COVID-19: Transmission, Diagnosis, Policy Intervention, and Potential Broader Perspective on the Rapidly Evolving Situation in Bangladesh

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Experimental Therapeutics, this article describes the current Bangladesh situation as well as the consequences in the country due to COVID-19.

October 2020
By: Fahmida Begum Mina, Mutasim Billah, Md Siddikur Rahman, Sabuj Das, Sumon Karmakar, Md Faruk Hasan, Uzzal Kumar Acharjee
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Identifying Essential Components of Surgical Care Delivery through Quality Improvement: An Updated Surgical Assessment Tool

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in International Journal of Surgery, this article presents an updated surgical assessment tool to evaluate key elements of surgical care delivery in low- and middle-income countries.

October 2020
By: Yihan Lin, Nakul Raykar, Saurabh Saluja, Swagoto Mukhopadhyay, Sristi Sharma, Brigitte Frett, Katherine Iverson, Walter Johnson, John Gerard Meara, Mark Shrime
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Surgical Infrastructure and Cost in Chiapas, Mexico

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons, this study evaluated infrastructure and prices for operations in public and private hospitals in Chiapas state, Mexico.

October 2020
By: Zachary Fowler, Ellie Moeller, Fernando Carrillo, Lina Roa, Pablo Tarsicio Uribe-Leitz, John Gerard Meara, Robert Riviello, Valeria Macias
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

COVID-19 and the Oxygen Bottleneck

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | This article in the Bulletin of the World Health Organization outlines key gaps and challenges around providing medical oxygen to patients who need it.

September 2020
By: Tatum Anderson
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Oxygen Availability in Sub-Saharan African Countries: A Call for Data to Inform Service Delivery

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in The Lancet Global Health, this article calls for better data collection on oxygen availability in sub-Saharan Africa to improve its access, particularly in light of the COVID-19 pandemic.

September 2020
By: Sowmya Mangipudi, Andrew Leather, Ahmed Seedat, Justine Davies
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Perspective of Doctors for COVID-19 Pandemic Readiness in Government Hospitals of Nepal

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Journal of Nepal Health Research Council, this study assesses the perspective of doctors working in Nepal regarding hospital preparedness for COVID-19 infection prevention measures, etc.

September 2020
By: Pawan Kumar Hamal, Nabin Pokhrel, Dipendra Pandey, Ritesh Lamsal
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Pulse Oximetry in Low-Resource Settings during the COVID-19 Pandemic

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in The Lancet Global Health, this study surveyed Ethiopian hospitals for the presence and functionality of pulse oximeters and capacity for oxygen saturation monitoring.

September 2020
By: Nichole Starr, Daniela Rebollo, Yohannes Molla Asemu, Hanan Ali Mohammed, Misrak Woldeyohannes Menchamo, Eyayelem Melese, Senait Bitew, Iain H. Wilson, Mahelet Tadesse, Thomas Weiser
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Development of a Surgical Assessment Tool for National Policy Monitoring & Evaluation in Ethiopia: A Quality Improvement Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in International Journal of Surgery, this study developed a surgical assessment tool to evaluate Ethiopia’s surgical capacity.

August 2020
By: Katherine Iverson, Olivia Ahearn, Isabelle Citron, Kaya Garringer, Swagoto Mukhopadhyay, Atlibachew Teshome, Abebe Bekele, Sale Workneh, Rediet Shimeles Workneh, Samuel Zemenfeskudus, Teklemariam Gultie, Asha Varghese, Mark Shrime, John Gerard Meara, Daniel Burssa
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Health Facility Standards Guide

GUIDANCE | As part of PATH’s Oxygen Delivery Toolkit, this guide provides recommendations on how to create or improve high-quality, country-specific resources for health facility infrastructure and medical device requirements.

August 2020
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care

Technical Review of Oxygen Supply

REPORT | This report provides a summary of the oxygen supply in Kenya, specifically looking at county capacity, quality of service, and country administration, operations, and safety.

August 2020
By: Kenya Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Accessibility of Basic Paediatric Emergency Care in Malawi: Analysis of a National Facility Census

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMC Public Health, this study found that only 4 of 116 hospitals in Malawi were fully equipped for pediatric emergency care, with critical shortages in essential supplies.

July 2020
By: Emily White Johansson, Cecilia Lindsjö, Daniel Weiss, Humphreys Nsona, Katarina Ekholm Selling, Norman Lufesi, Helena Hildenwall
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Assessing the Hospital Surge Capacity of the Kenyan Health System in the Face of the COVID-19 Pandemic

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | This study from PLOS One assessed surge capacity of the Kenyan health system in terms of general hospital and intensive care unit beds during the COVID-19 pandemic.

July 2020
By: Edwine W. Barasa, Paul O. Ouma, Emelda A. Okiro
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

COVID-19 Health Facility Readiness Assessment: Oxygen Availability

REPORT | This assessment took stock of the readiness status of health facilities to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic, including an assessment of oxygen supply and delivery systems.

July 2020
By: Kenya Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Good Data Is Critical to Equitably Improve Oxygen Access: A Call to Action to Fill Data Gaps and Ensure Every Breath Counts

 ARTICLE | Availability of oxygen is not currently a standard health system indicator. The EBC coalition has been working to improve the way oxygen and key pneumonia-related indicators are collected and reported.

July 2020
By: Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI), Karolinska Institutet, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, PATH, Center for Public Health and Development Kenya, Every Breath Counts (EBC) coalition, Felix Lam, Carina King, Hamish Graham, Lisa Smith, Bernard Olayo
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Procurement Guide

GUIDANCE | As part of PATH’s Oxygen Delivery Toolkit, this guide describes the key steps that should be followed when procuring and contracting for an oxygen delivery system.

July 2020
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

Summary Findings of the Inventory Assessment for Biomedical Equipment for COVID-19 Case Management in Ethiopia

REPORT | An inventory assessment was conducted in Ethiopia in all public and functional COVID-19 treatment facilities to understand the readiness and capacity of these facilities for COVID-19 case management.

July 2020
By: Ethiopia Federal Ministry of Health, Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

UNICEF Oxygen System Planning Tool

TOOL | UNICEF has developed an Excel-based tool to help stakeholders plan their oxygen supply system.

July 2020
By: UNICEF
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

A Mixed‐Methods Evaluation of Stakeholder Perspectives on Pediatric Pneumonia in Nigeria—Priorities, Challenges, and Champions

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Pediatric Pulmonology, this study examined stakeholder perspectives on pediatric pneumonia in Nigeria, revealing gaps in pneumonia-specific policies, healthcare infrastructure, and community awareness.

June 2020
By: Carina King, Agnese Iuliano, Rochelle Ann Burgess, Imaria Agwai, Samy Ahmar, Zeus Aranda, Solomon Bahiru, Ayobami A. Bakare, Tim Colbourn, Funmilayo Shittu, Hamish Graham, Adamu Isah, Eric D. McCollum, Adegoke G. Falade
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Biomedical Equipment for COVID-19 Case Management – Inventory Tool: Interim Guidance

TOOL | This survey assesses quantified availability and the causes for nonfunctioning of different sources of oxygen delivery and supply systems to the patient to determine priorities and re-allocation requirements.

June 2020
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care

COVID-19 Facility Assessment Resources

REPOSITORY / TOOLKIT | This document was created to support country decision-makers in developing and executing a comprehensive respiratory care plan to meet the demands of COVID-19.

June 2020
By: PATH, Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI), Every Breath Counts (EBC) coalition
Oxygen ecosystem planning

Health System Challenges for Improved Childhood Pneumonia Case Management in Lagos and Jigawa, Nigeria

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Pediatric Pulmonology, this article explores health system challenges in managing childhood pneumonia in Lagos and Jigawa, Nigeria, and provides recommendations for improvements.

June 2020
By: Funmilayo Shittu, Imaria Agwai, Adegoke G. Falade, Ayobami A. Bakare, Hamish Graham, Agnese Iuliano, Zeus Aranda, Eric D. McCollum, Adamu Isah, Solomon Bahiru, Tahlil Ahmed, Rochelle Ann Burgess, Carina King, Tim Colbourn
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Preparedness of Acute Care Facility and a Hospital for COVID-19 pandemic: What We Did!

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine, this article shares the experience of a multispecialty hospital and designated COVID-19 center in India.

June 2020
By: Sameer Jog, Dhananjay Kelkar, Madhav Bhat, Sampada Patwardhan, Purushotham Godavarthy, Ujwal Dhundi, Harshwardhan Pawar, Prasad Rajhans, Balasaheb Pawar, Vishnudas Telbhare, Gouri Ranade, Vaibhavi Upadhye, Parikshit Prayag, Bharat Purandare, Sukrut Purandare, Rajesh Bhavsar
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Preparedness of Primary Health Care Workers and Audit of Primary Health Centres for Newborn Resuscitation in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Southern Nigeria

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in The Pan African Medical Journal, this study assesses primary health workers’ experience of neonatal resuscitation and audit primary health centers for related equipment availability.

June 2020
By: Datonye Christopher Briggs, Augusta Unoma Eneh
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Sénégal : Enquête Continue sur la Prestation des Services de Soins de Santé (ECPSS) 2018 [Senegal: Continuous Survey on the Provision of Health Care Services (ECPSS) 2018]

REPORT | This survey provides information on the delivery of services and the functioning of the various elements of the health system in Senegal in 2018, including those related to oxygen delivery.

June 2020
By: Senegal Ministry of Health and Social Action, Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) program
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

The Burden and Risks of Pediatric Pneumonia in Nigeria: A Desk‐Based Review of Existing Literature and Data

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Pediatrics Pulmonology, the study aimed to quantify the regional burden and risks of pediatric pneumonia in Nigeria, and specifically the states of Lagos and Jigawa.

June 2020
By: Agnese Iuliano, Zeus Aranda, Tim Colbourn, Imaria Agwai, Solomon Bahiru, Ayobami A. Bakare, Rochelle Ann Burgess, Christine Cassar, Funmilayo Shittu, Hamish Graham, Adamu Isah, Eric D. McCollum, Adegoke G. Falade, Carina King
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Value-based Procurement of Medical Equipment

GUIDANCE | This guide is intended to support a value-based procurement approach when planning for and procuring new medical equipment in resource-constrained health systems.

June 2020
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Baseline Assessment Manual

TOOL | As part of PATH’s Oxygen Delivery Toolkit, this manual provides resources to train those involved in conducting a baseline assessment of the current status of oxygen delivery systems.

May 2020
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

COVID-19 Preparedness in Malawi: A National Facility-Based Critical Care Assessment

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in The Lancet Global Health, this study analyzes Malawi’s healthcare system’s preparedness for COVID-19, revealing crucial gaps in oxygen, PPE, and isolation facilities.

May 2020
By: Paul Sonenthal, Jones Masiye, Noel Kasomekera, Regan Marsh, Kirstin Scott, Ruoran Li, Megan Murray, Alice Bukhman, Emilia Connolly, Tadala Minyaliwa, Martha Katete, Grace Banda-Katha, Mulinda Nyirenda
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

COVID-19 Respiratory Care Response Coordination Project

INFORMATION BRIEF | This factsheet outlines the COVID-19 Respiratory Care Response Coordination project to support countries in the development of a comprehensive respiratory care strategy for COVID-19 and beyond.

May 2020
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

COVID-19 and Oxygen: Selecting Supply Options in LMICs that Balance Immediate Needs with Long-term Cost-effectiveness

INFORMATION BRIEF | With the increased attention to oxygen supply brought by COVID-19, there is an opportunity to build adequate infrastructure to deliver oxygen in a systematic manner.

May 2020
By: Center for Global Development, Lisa Smith, Tim Baker, Gabriel Demombynes, Prashant Yadav
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

Effective Coverage Measurement in Maternal, Newborn, Child, and Adolescent Health and Nutrition: Progress, Future Prospects, and Implications for Quality Health Systems

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in The Lancet Global Health, this review defines and measures effective coverage in MNCAHN, proposes a standardized approach to include quality of care, and outlines research priorities.

May 2020
By: Andrew Marsh, Moise Muzigaba, Theresa Diaz, Jennifer Requejo, Debra Jackson, Doris Chou, Regina Guthold, Allisyn Moran, Kathleen Strong, Anshu Banerjee, Agnès Soucat
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Evaluating Capacity at Three Government Referral Hospital Emergency Units in the Kingdom of Eswatini Using the Who Hospital Emergency Unit Assessment Tool

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMC Emergency Medicine, this study assesses the emergency care capacity at government referral hospitals in Eswatini, identifying key gaps and suggesting improvements.

May 2020
By: Jennifer Pigoga, Anjni Joiner, Phindile Chowa, Julie Luong, Musa Mhlanga, Teri Reynolds, Lee A. Wallis
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Harmonized Modules for Health Facility Assessment Modules in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Interim Guidance, 31 May 2020

TOOL | Published by the World Health Organization, this document outlines harmonized assessment modules to evaluate health facility readiness, resources, and service continuity in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

May 2020
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning

Oxygen Delivery Toolkit: Resources to Plan and Scale Medical Oxygen

REPOSITORY / TOOLKIT | This Oxygen Delivery Toolkit provides materials to help plan, manage, and communicate the value of scaling up oxygen delivery systems and access to oxygen and pulse oximetry.

May 2020
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Impact of COVID-19 on Medical Gas Systems

PRESENTATION / WEBINAR | This presentation is meant to help medical gas professionals and healthcare facilities better understand the impact that treating COVID-19 patients may have on a hospital’s medical gas systems.

April 2020
By: MGPHO Medical Gas
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care

Managing COVID-19 in Resource-limited Settings: Critical Care Considerations

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | From an urgent and pragmatic perspective, this article published in BMC Critical Care suggests creative uses of existing resources and repurposing others for human medical care.

April 2020
By: Wen Ting Siow, Mei Fong Liew, Babu Raja Shrestha, Faisal Muchtar, Kay Choong See
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Policy Report: Coronavirus Policy Response Needs and Options for Myanmar

REPORT | There is a need for continued and regular public messaging from the Government of Myanmar to try and calm the population and convince people not to panic during COVID-19.

April 2020
By: Paul Minoletti, Aung Hein
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

SEARO-IMAI Oxygen Survey at District and Regional Hospitals

TOOL | This guide and Excel tool should be used to administer the SEARO-IMAI oxygen survey at district and regional hospitals.

April 2020
By: Regional Office for the World Health Organization’s South-East Asia Region (WHO-SEARO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care

Status of Oxygen Monitoring in Four Selected Special Care Newborn Units in India

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Indian Pediatrics, this study aimed to investigate the status of oxygen monitoring in special newborn care units delivering a model program for retinopathy of prematurity.

April 2020
By: Shalinder Sabherwal, Clare Gilbert, Allen Foster, Praveen Kumar
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Assessing Quality of Newborn Care at District Facilities in Malawi

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMC Health Services Research, this study examined the quality of neonatal care in district facilities in Malawi, revealing major shortcomings in infection control, equipment, and newborn care.

March 2020
By: Kondwani Kawaza, Mai-Lei Woo Kinshella, Tamanda Hiwa, Jenala Njirammadzi, Mwai Banda, Marianne Vidler, Laura Newberry, Alinane Linda Nyondo-Mipando, Queen Dube, Elizabeth Molyneux, David Goldfarb
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Oxygen as a Utility: An Innovative Model for Increasing Access to Oxygen in Low- and Middle-income Countries

REPORT | This report outlines an implementation plan to provide oxygen services as a utility, which is a potential new way forward to address many of the issues that limit oxygen access.

March 2020
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

The Epidemiology of Hypoxemic Pneumonia among Young Infants in Malawi

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, this retrospective analysis of a prospective cohort study investigates infants participating in pneumonia surveillance in Malawi.

March 2020
By: Shubhada Hooli, Carina King, Beatiwel Zadutsa, Bejoy Nambiar, Charles Makwenda, Gibson Masache, Norman Lufesi, Charles Mwansambo, Lucas Malla, Anthony Costello, Tim Colbourn, Eric D. McCollum
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

The Prevalence of Hypoxemia among Pediatric and Adult Patients Presenting to Healthcare Facilities in Low- and Middle-income Countries: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Systemic Reviews, this study aims to fill a key evidence gap by providing comprehensive estimates of hypoxemia prevalence.

March 2020
By: Felix Lam, Rami Subhi, Jason Houdek, Kate Schroder, Audrey Battu, Hamish Graham
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Assessment of the Current Capacity of Intensive Care Units in Uganda: A Descriptive Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Journal of Critical Care, this study reveals Uganda’s ICU capacity is limited, with only 12 functional ICUs serving a population with 1.3 ICU beds per million.

February 2020
By: Patience Atumanya, Cornelius Sendagire, Agnes Wabule, John Mukisa, Lameck Ssemogerere, Arthur Kwizera, Peter Agaba
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Availability of Emergency Drugs and Essential Equipment in Intensive Care Units in Hospitals of Ethiopia: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Open Access Emergency Medicine, this study identifies major gaps in emergency drugs and equipment in Ethiopian ICUs, especially in pediatric care and equipment for intubation management.

February 2020
By: Metages Hunie, Tiruwork Desse, Efrem Fenta, Diriba Teshome, Moges Gelaw, Amanu Gashaw
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Bangladesh Health Facility Survey 2017

REPORT | This report presents findings of a Health Facility Survey in 2017, which assessed the quality, availability, and accessibility of health services in the country.

February 2020
By: Bangladesh Ministry of Health, Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) program
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Providing Oxygen to Children in Hospitals: A Realist Review

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | This study highlighted in the Bulletin of the World Health Organization aims to identify and describe interventions to improve oxygen therapy in hospitals in low-resource settings.

February 2020
By: Hamish Graham, Shidan Tosif, Amy Gray, Shamim Ahmad Qazi, Harry Campbell, David Peel, Barbara McPake, Trevor Duke
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Anesthesia Infrastructure and Resources in Bangladesh

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Anesthesia & Analgesia, this study evaluates anesthesia capacity in Bangladesh, revealing a modest increase in anesthesiologists and improvements in infrastructure since 2012.

January 2020
By: Jonathan Meadows, T.M. Tanzil Al Imran, Drake LeBrun, Moinul Mannan, Samin Sharraf, Zibran Gaznavee, K.A. Kelly McQueen
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Assessment of Facility and Health Worker Readiness to Provide Quality Antenatal, Intrapartum and Postpartum Care in Rural Southern Nepal

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMC Health Services Research, the study found that facility readiness and health worker knowledge in rural southern Nepal were inadequate for providing quality maternal and newborn care.

January 2020
By: Tsering Lama, Melinda Munos, Joanne Katz, Subarna Khatry, Steven LeClerq, Luke Mullany
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Comprehensive Hospital Preparedness Checklist for Coronavirus Disease 2019

TOOL | All U.S. hospitals need to be prepared for patients with suspected or confirmed 2019-nCoV. This checklist highlights some key areas for hospitals to review in preparation.

January 2020
By: U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Oxygen ecosystem planning

Mozambique Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) 2018 National Inventory

REPORT | The SARA 2018 survey evaluated the availability and operational capacity of health services in Mozambique, providing essential data for health system strengthening.

January 2020
By: World Health Organization (WHO), Mozambique Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute Respiratory Illness in Children under Five in Primary Care in Low-, Middle-, and High-Income Countries: A Descriptive Fresh Air Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in PLoS One, this observational study found that clinical consultations for respiratory illness in young children were often too brief to guide accurate diagnoses.

November 2019
By: Jesper Kjærgaard, Marilena Anastasaki, Marianne Stubbe Østergaard, Azamat Akylbekov, Nhat Quynh Nguyen, Susanne Reventlow, Christos Lionis, Talant Sooronbaev, Le An Pham, Rebecca Nantanda, James Stout, Anja Poulsen
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Making Medical Oxygen Availability a National Health Priority in Uganda

INFORMATION BRIEF | The National Scale Up of Medical Oxygen Implementation Plan is the first policy of its kind to coordinate oxygen stakeholders and provide long-term guidance for scaling oxygen access in Uganda.

November 2019
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Afghanistan Service Provision Assessment (SPA) 2018-19

REPORT | This report presents findings of the 2018-19 Afghanistan Service Provision Assessment which evaluates the quality, availability, and accessibility of health services in the country.

October 2019
By: Afghanistan Ministry of Public Health, Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) program
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Increasing Access to Safe Oxygen and Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health Devices

INFORMATION BRIEF | This factsheet highlights a PATH project that aims to build capacity in support of oxygen scale up at the country level.

October 2019
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Survey of Surgical Capacity of 4 States in Nigeria

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons, this study assessed the surgical capacity of 4 states in Nigeria based on The Lancet Commission on Global Surgery Indicators.

October 2019
By: Erica Tutuwan, Jamie Anderson, Diana Farmer, Emmanuel Ameh
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

We Are All Serving the Same Ugandans’: A Nationwide Mixed-Methods Evaluation of Private Sector Surgical Capacity in Uganda

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in PLoS One, this study describes a nationwide mixed-methods evaluation of private and private-not-for-profit surgical capacity in Uganda, conducted in partnership with the Ministry of Health.

October 2019
By: Katherine Albutt, Gustaf Drevin, Rachel R. Yorlets, Didacus Namanya, Mark Shrime, Peter Kayima
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Nigeria’s National Integrated Pneumonia Control Strategy and Implementation Plan

GOVERNMENT POLICY / STRATEGY | The Federal Government of Nigeria has developed the first-ever national pneumonia control strategy and implementation plan to elevate pneumonia within the integrated newborn and child health agenda.

August 2019
By: Nigeria National Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Hospital Safety Index: Guide for Evaluators. Second Edition

GUIDANCE | Published by WHO and PAHO, this guide provides evaluators with a detailed methodology for assessing hospital safety and preparedness using the Safe Hospitals Checklist.

July 2019
By: Pan American Health Organization (PAHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Advances in the Measurement of Coverage for RMNCH and Nutrition: From Contact to Effective Coverage

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMJ Global Health, this review highlights substantial gaps between crude and quality-adjusted coverage in RMNCH+N services, emphasizing the need to assess service effectiveness.

June 2019
By: Agbessi Amouzou, Hannah Hogan Leslie, Malathi Ram, Monica Fox, Safia Jiwani, Jennifer Requejo, Tanya Marchant, Melinda Munos, Lara Vaz, William Weiss, Chika Hayashi, Ties Boerma
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Facility Readiness in Low and Middle-Income Countries to Address Care of High Risk/ Small and Sick Newborns

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Maternal Health, Neonatology and Perinatology, this study assesses facility readiness in LMICs to care for high-risk, small, and sick newborns, highlighting significant variability and the need for improvements.

June 2019
By: Indira Narayanan, Setyadewi Lusyati, Niranjan Thomas, Chinnathambi N. Kamalarathnam, Jane Judith Wembabazi, Victoria Nakibuuka Kirabira, Peter Waiswa, Santorino Data, Darious Kajjo, Paul Mubiri, Emmanuel Ochola, Pradita Shrestha, Ha Young Choi, Jayashree Ramasethu
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Inadequate Management of Pneumonia among Children in South Ethiopia: Findings from Descriptive Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMC Health Services Research, this study explores the management of childhood pneumonia in South Ethiopia, revealing gaps in healthcare system support and health workers’ knowledge.

June 2019
By: Solomon Hailemariam, Yabibal Gebeyehu, Eskindir Loha, Kjell Arne Johansson, Bernt Lindtjørn
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) & Data Quality Review (DQR) 2018 for Uganda

REPORT | The Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) and Data Quality Review in 2018 assessed the availability and ability of health care facilities to provide essential services in Uganda.

June 2019
By: Uganda Ministry of Health, World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Haïti Évaluation De La Prestation Des Services De Soins De Santé (EPSSS 2017-2018) [Haiti Health Care Service Delivery Assessment (EPSSS 2017-2018)]

REPORT | Published by the Haitian Ministry of Public Health, this report provides a comprehensive evaluation of healthcare services in Haiti, focusing on infrastructure, service availability, and quality in 2017-2018.

April 2019
By: Haitian Children’s Institute
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Uganda National Scale Up of Medical Oxygen Implementation Plan (2018-2022)

GOVERNMENT POLICY / STRATEGY | This National Medical Oxygen Scale Up Implementation Plan articulates a holistic approach to improving demand and supply of medical oxygen in Uganda.

April 2019
By: Uganda Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Indice De Disponibilité et De Capacité Opérationnelle Des Services De Santé (SARA) Mauritanie 2018 [Health Services Availability and Operational Capacity Index (SARA) Mauritania 2018]

REPORT | This report assesses the availability and operational capacity of health services in Mauritania, providing insights into infrastructure, service readiness, and health system gaps.

March 2019
By: World Health Organization (WHO), Mauritania Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Kenya Harmonized Health Facility Assessment (HHFA) 2018-2019

REPORT | Published by the Ministry of Health of Kenya, this report evaluates the availability and readiness of healthcare services across Kenya, focusing on infrastructure, quality, and service delivery in 2018-2019.

February 2019
By: Kenya Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Democratique Du Congo Évaluation Des Presentations Des Services De Souns De Santé Epss 2017-2018 [Democratic Republic of Congo Evaluation of Health Care Services Presentations EPSS 2017-2018]

REPORT | This 2017-18 Democratic Republic of the Congo Service Provision Assessment assesses the quality, availability, and accessibility of health services in the country.

January 2019
By: Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) program, Democratic Republic of the Congo Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Mixed-Methods Assessment of Surgical Capacity in Two Regions in Ethiopia

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in British Journal of Surgery, this study assesses surgical capacity in Ethiopia, focusing on infrastructure, equipment, and training gaps, and calls for investment to improve surgical care.

January 2019
By: Katherine Iverson, Kaya Garringer, Olivia Ahearn, Shehnaz Alidina, Isabelle Citron, Samson Esseye, Atlibachew Teshome, Swagoto Mukhopadhyay, Daniel Burssa
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Enquete Nationale Sur La Disponibilite, La Capacite Operationnelle Et La Qualite Des Soins Dans Les Services De Sante (SARA+QOC) Burkina Faso 2018 [National Survey on Availability, Operational Capacity and Quality of Care in Health Services (SARA+QOC) Burkina Faso 2018]

REPORT | The SARA+QoC 2018 survey in Burkina Faso evaluated the availability and operational capacity of health services, providing essential data for health system strengthening and quality of care improvement.

December 2018
By: World Health Organization (WHO), Burkina Faso Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA), Quality of Care Survey and Data Quality Review Sierra Leone 2017

REPORT | This 2017 Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) Plus integrated a Data Quality Review and Quality of Care assessment of service delivery at health facilities in Sierra Leone.

December 2018
By: World Health Organization (WHO), Sierra Leone Ministry of Health and Sanitation
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Approaching Quality Improvement at Scale: A Learning Health System Approach in Kenya

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Archives of Disease in Childhood, this study introduces the Clinical Information Network in Kenya, which applies a Learning Health System model to enhance pediatric care in county hospitals.

November 2018
By: Grace Irimu, Morris Ogero, George Mbevi, Ambrose Agweyu, Samuel Akech, Thomas Julius, Rachel Nyamai, David Githang’a, Philip Ayieko, Mike English
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Clinical Cascades as a Novel Way to Assess Physical Readiness of Facilities for the Care of Small and Sick Neonates in Kenya and Uganda

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in PLoS One, this study used clinical cascades to assess neonatal care readiness in Kenya and Uganda, revealing low overall readiness and significant loss across stages of care.

November 2018
By: Hilary Spindler, Harriet Nambuya, Gertrude Namazzi, Peter Waiswa, Phelgona Otieno, John Cranmer
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

A Nationwide Assessment of Pediatric Surgical Capacity in Mongolia

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in World Journal of Surgery, this study assessed pediatric surgical capacity in Mongolia, revealing that only 33.3% have pediatric surgeons and many lack essential equipment.

October 2018
By: Laura Goodman, Erdenetsetseg Chuluun, Burmaa Sanjaa, Sanchin Urjin, Sarnai Erdene, Narantuya Khad, Adiyasuren Jamiyanjav, Jacob Stephenson, Diana Farmer
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Evaluating Emergency Care Capacity in Africa: An Iterative, Multicountry Refinement of the Emergency Care Assessment Tool

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMJ Global Health, this study evaluates emergency care capacity in Africa using the Emergency Care Assessment Tool, highlighting key gaps and barriers to effective emergency care delivery.

October 2018
By: Crystal Bae, Jennifer Pigoga, Megan Cox, Joseph Kalanzi, Gamal Abbas, Lee A. Wallis, Emilie Calvello Hynes
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Exploring the Relationship between Surgical Capacity and Output in Ghana: Current Capacity Assessments May Not Tell the Whole Story

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in World Journal of Surgery, this study assesses the relationship between surgical capacity and output in Ghana, highlighting the limitations of current capacity assessments.

October 2018
By: Barclay T. Stewart, Adam Gyedu, Cameron Gaskill, Godfred Boakye, Robert Quansah, Peter Donkor, Jimmy Volmink, Charles Mock
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Sénégal : Enquête Continue sur la Prestation des Services de Soins de Santé (ECPSS) 2017 [Senegal: Continuous Survey on the Provision of Health Care Services (ECPSS) 2017]

REPORT | This survey provides information on the delivery of services and the functioning of the various elements of the health system in Senegal in 2017, including those related to oxygen delivery.

September 2018
By: Senegal Ministry of Health and Social Action, Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) program
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Access to Safe, Timely, and Affordable Surgical Care in Uganda: A Stratified Randomized Evaluation of Nationwide Public Sector Surgical Capacity and Core Surgical Indicators

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in World Journal of Surgery, this study found that Uganda’s public hospital system falls short of global surgical care targets, with limited surgical capacity and workforce shortages.

August 2018
By: Katherine Albutt, Maria Punchak, Peter Kayima, Didacus Namanya, Geoffrey Anderson, Mark Shrime
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Energy Poverty in Healthcare Facilities: A “Silent Barrier” to Improved Healthcare in Sub-Saharan Africa

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | This study, published in Journal of Public Health Policy, found that energy poverty in sub-Saharan African healthcare facilities hampers healthcare quality and calls for effective policies to improve access.

August 2018
By: Nadia S. Ouedraogo, Caroline Schimanski
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Enquete Nationale Sur La Disponibilite, La Capacite Operationnelle Et La Qualite Des Soins Dans Les Services De Sante (SARA+DQR+QOC) Guinea 2017 [National Survey on Availability, Operational Capacity and Quality of Care in Health Services (SARA+DQR+QOC) Guinea 2017]

REPORT | The SARA-DQR-QOC 2017 survey in Guinea evaluated the availability and operational capacity of health services, providing essential data for health system strengthening and quality of care improvement.

August 2018
By: World Health Organization (WHO), Guinea Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Recommendations for Improving Pneumonia and Hypoxemia Indicators

TOOL | Key stakeholders convened to generate a list of recommended additions to main data sources to include pneumonia and hypoxemia indicators.

August 2018
By: Every Breath Counts (EBC) coalition
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Emergency Trolley’s Contents and Records: Audit Study at Maternity Sections, State Hospitals, Windhoek, Namibia

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | The study, published in Open Journal of Nursing, found significant gaps in the contents and records of emergency trolleys in the maternity sections of state hospitals in Namibia.

July 2018
By: Benjamin Klaas Sebulon Manetti, Hans Justus Amukugo, Anna Panduleni Kauko Shilunga
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Assessing Opportunities for Improved Maternal-Newborn Health in Solu Khumbu, Nepal

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | This study obtained baseline data about maternal-neonatal care capacity and health outcomes in a remote, mountainous area of Nepal to identify opportunities for improving care delivery.

June 2018
By: Shevin Jacob, Rajeev Malhotra, K. Bjella, A. Chambers, A. Sherpa, D. Levy, Bernhard Fassl
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) Ethiopia 2018

REPORT | The Ethiopian Public Health Institute and the Ministry of Health implemented the 2018 Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) to assess the availability, readiness, and quality of essential health services.

May 2018
By: World Health Organization (WHO), Ethiopia Federal Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

The Effect of Implementation Strength of Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care (BEmONC) on Facility Deliveries and the Met Need for BEmONC at the Primary Health Care Level in Ethiopia

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, this study examined the impact of a package of interventions to 134 health centers, covering 91 rural districts of Ethiopia.

May 2018
By: Gizachew Tadele Tiruneh, Ali Mehryar Karim, Bilal Iqbal Avan, Tewabech Gebrekiristos Wereta, Deepthi Wickremasinghe, Zinar Nebi Keweti, Zewditu Kebede, Wuleta Aklilu Betemariam
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Oxygen Availability and Nursing Capacity for Oxygen Therapy in Ugandan Paediatric Wards

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, this study evaluates oxygen availability and nursing capacity for oxygen therapy in Ugandan pediatric wards, highlighting gaps in training and equipment.

April 2018
By: Juliet Nabwire, Sophie Namasopo, Michael Hawkes
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Characterizing Pediatric Surgical Capacity in the Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo: Results of a Pilot Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Pediatric Surgery International, this study characterizes pediatric surgical capacity in the eastern DRC, highlighting critical gaps in personnel, infrastructure, and equipment.

March 2018
By: Sarah Cairo, Luc Malemo Kalisya, Richard Bigabwa
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Beyond Signal Functions in Global Obstetric Care: Using a Clinical Cascade to Measure Emergency Obstetric Readiness

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in PLoS One, this study found that the maternal signal functions model overestimated emergency obstetric readiness by 55%, with many facilities lacking the resources to manage maternal emergencies.

February 2018
By: John Cranmer, Julia Dettinger, Kimberly Calkins, Onesmus Gachuno
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Preparedness of Lower-Level Health Facilities and the Associated Factors for the Outpatient Primary Care of Hypertension: Evidence from Tanzanian National Survey

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in PLoS One, this study aimed to assess the preparedness of lower-level health facilities for outpatient primary care of hypertension in Tanzania.

February 2018
By: Deogratius Bintabara, Bonaventura C.T. Mpondo
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Effect on Pediatric Hospital Mortality of a Multifaceted Intervention to Improve the Quality of Hospital Care for Children in Rwanda: A Time Series Analysis

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Pediatrics, this study demonstrates that the ETAT+ intervention significantly reduced hospital mortality among children under five in Rwanda.

January 2018
By: Celestin Hategeka, Lisine Tuyiseng, Michael Law
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) Sri Lanka 2017

REPORT | The 2017 Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) for Sri Lanka assesses the availability, readiness, and quality of essential health services in the country.

January 2018
By: World Health Organization (WHO), Sri Lanka Ministry of Health, Nutrition, and Indigenous Medicine
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Nigeria’s National Policy on Medical Oxygen in Health Facilities

GOVERNMENT POLICY / STRATEGY | The publication of this first comprehensive National Policy on Medical Oxygen marks a significant step in improving access to lifesaving medical oxygen to patients in Nigeria.

December 2017
By: Nigeria National Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Pilot Use of a Novel Tool to Assess Neurosurgical Capacity in Uganda

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in World Neurosurgery, this study piloted a new tool to assess neurosurgical capacity and describes its use adapting the Surgeons OverSeas PIPES (personnel, infrastructure, procedures, equipment, and supplies) assessment.

December 2017
By: Brittany Ploss, Jihad Abdelgadir, Emily Smith, Joao Ricardo Vissoci, Alex Muhindo, Moses Galukande, Michael M. Haglund
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Safe Surgery for All: Early Lessons from Implementing a National Government-Driven Surgical Plan in Ethiopia

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in World Journal of Surgery, this article describes surgical system reform by the Ethiopian Federal Ministry of Health and the preliminary results of implementation of the SaLTS program.

December 2017
By: Daniel Burssa, Atlibachew Teshome, Katherine Iverson, Olivia Ahearn, Tigistu Ashengo, David Barash, Erin Barringer, Isabelle Citron, Kaya Garringer, Victoria McKitrick, John Gerard Meara, Abraham Mengistu, Swagoto Mukhopadhyay, Cheri Reynolds, Mark Shrime, Asha Varghese, Samson Esseye, Abebe Bekele
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) Eswatini 2017

REPORT | The Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) in 2017 assessed service availability, readiness, and the quality of Eswatini health services provided in all public and private facilities.

December 2017
By: World Health Organization (WHO), Eswatini Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) of Public Health Facilities in Libya 2017

REPORT | The 2017 Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) aimed to provide reliable information on availability and readiness of health services delivery in Libya.

December 2017
By: World Health Organization (WHO), Libya Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Hospital Emergency Unit Assessment Tool (HEAT)

TOOL | Published by the World Health Organization, this tool assesses emergency unit capacity and service delivery, with a focus on identifying gaps and improving emergency care quality across healthcare settings.

November 2017
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care

Key Bottlenecks to the Provision of Safe Obstetric Anaesthesia in Low- Income Countries: A Cross-Sectional Survey of 64 Hospitals in Uganda

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, this study assesses key challenges in providing safe obstetric anesthesia in Uganda, highlighting resource constraints and their impact on maternal and neonatal health.

November 2017
By: Isabella Epiu, Agnes Wabule, Andrew Kambugu, Jossy Verel Bahe Tindimwebwa, Gerald Dubowitz
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Essential Pediatric Surgical Care in Mongolia: A Nationwide Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Journal of the American College of Surgeons, the study reviewed the state of pediatric surgical care in Mongolia, highlighting gaps in resources and recommending improvements.

October 2017
By: Laura Goodman, Sarnai Erdene, Diana Farmer, Erdenetsetseg Chuluun
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

A Geospatial Evaluation of Timely Access to Surgical Care in Seven Countries

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the Bulletin of the World Health Organization, this study assesses the availability of basic surgical resources at selected facilities in a number of countries.

June 2017
By: Lisa Knowlton, Paulin Banguti, Smita Chackungal, Traychit Chanthasiri, Tiffany Chao, Bernice Dahn, Milliard Derbew, Debashish Dhar, Micaela Esquivel, Faye Evans, Simon Hendel, Drake LeBrun, Michelle Notrica, Iracema Saavedra-Pozo, Ross Shockley, Pablo Tarsicio Uribe-Leitz, Boualy Vannavong, K.A. Kelly McQueen, David Spain, Thomas Weiser
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

An Observational Assessment of Anesthesia Capacity in Madagascar as a Prerequisite to the Development of a National Surgical Plan

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Anesthesia & Analgesia, an assessment of Madagascar’s anesthesia capacity found critical shortages in trained providers, infrastructure, and equipment.

June 2017
By: Linden Baxter, Vaonandianina Ravelojaona, Hasiniaina Rakotoarison, Alison Herbert, Emily Bruno, Kristin Close, Vanessa Andean, Hery Andriamanjato, Mark Shrime, Michelle White
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Sénégal : Enquête Continue sur la Prestation des Services de Soins de Santé (ECPSS) 2016 [Senegal: Continuous Survey on the Provision of Health Care Services (ECPSS) 2016]

REPORT | This survey provides detailed information on the delivery of services and the functioning of the various elements of the health system in Senegal in 2016, including those related to oxygen...

June 2017
By: Senegal Ministry of Health and Social Action, Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) program
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Availability of Essential Obstetric Drugs and Equipment and Maternal Mortality in Primary Health Care Setting in India

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | This study examined whether drugs and equipment in primary health centers are adequate per Indian Public Health Standards and if there is any effect of their availability on maternal mortality.

May 2017
By: S. Sriram, Mubashir Khan
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Nigeria’s National Strategy for the Scale Up of Medical Oxygen in Health Facilities (2017-2022)

GOVERNMENT POLICY / STRATEGY | This national strategy aims to reduce mortality and morbidity from hypoxemia in Nigeria by addressing the key gaps in access to medical oxygen.

May 2017
By: Nigeria National Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Enquête D’évaluation De La Disponibilité Et De La Capacité Opérationnelle Des Services De Santé (SARA) Burundi 2017 [Survey to Assess the Availability and Operational Capacity of Health Services (SARA) Burundi 2017]

REPORT | The SARA 2017 survey evaluated the availability and operational capacity of health services in Burundi, providing essential data for health system strengthening.

March 2017
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Pediatric Emergency Care Capacity in a Low-Resource Setting: An Assessment of District Hospitals in Rwanda

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in PLoS One, this study assessed the extent to which Rwandan district hospitals are prepared to provide pediatric advanced life support management with the introduction of ETAT+.

March 2017
By: Celestin Hategeka, Jean Shoveller, David F. Cechetto, Larry D. Lynd
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Retrospective Review of Surgical Availability and Readiness in 8 African Countries

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMJ Open, the purpose of this study was to assess surgical availability and readiness in 8 African countries using the WHO’s Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) tool.

March 2017
By: David Spiegel, Benson Droti, Pryanka Relan, Meena Cherian, Kathryn O’Neill
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Challenges of Anesthesia in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Access to Safe Obstetric Anesthesia in East Africa

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Anesthesia & Analgesia, this study found that East African hospitals face significant shortages of both anesthesia personnel and equipment, hindering safe obstetric anesthesia.

January 2017
By: Isabella Epiu, Jossy Verel Bahe Tindimwebwa, Cephas Mijumbi, Francois Ndarugirire, Theogene Twagirumugabe, Gerald Dubowitz
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Nepal Health Facility Survey 2015

REPORT | This report presents the 2015 Nepal Health Facility Survey findings, covering infrastructure, resource availability, service readiness, and quality of care in the country’s health facilities.

January 2017
By: Nepal Ministry of Health, Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) program
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) Ethiopia 2016

REPORT | The Ethiopian Public Health Institute and the Ministry of Health implemented the 2016 Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) to assess the availability, readiness, and quality of essential health services.

January 2017
By: World Health Organization (WHO), Ethiopia Federal Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Enquete Nationale Sur La Disponibilite Et La Capacite Operationnelle Des Services De Sante (SARA III) Edition 2016, Burkina Faso [National Survey on the Availability and Operational Capacity of Health Services (SARA III) 2016 Edition, Burkina Faso]

REPORT | The SARA III 2016 survey in Burkina Faso evaluated the availability and operational capacity of health services, providing essential data for health system strengthening and quality of care improvement.

November 2016
By: World Health Organization (WHO), Burkina Faso Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Sénégal : Enquête Continue sur la Prestation des Services de Soins de Santé (ECPSS) 2015 [Senegal: Continuous Survey on the Provision of Health Care Services (ECPSS) 2015]

REPORT | This survey provides information on service delivery and the functioning of the various elements of the health system in Senegal in 2015, including those related to oxygen delivery.

November 2016
By: Senegal Ministry of Health and Social Action, Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) program
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Assessment Tool for Hospital Care: Improving the Quality of Care for Reproductive, Maternal, Neonatal, Child and Adolescent Health in South-East Asia

TOOL | This document published by WHO outlines an assessment tool to help hospitals evaluate and improve the quality of maternal, neonatal, and pediatric care using interviews, checklists, and observations.

October 2016
By: Regional Office for the World Health Organization’s South-East Asia Region (WHO-SEARO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Capacity Assessment of Selected Health Care Facilities for the Pilot Implementation of Package for Essential Non-Communicable Diseases (PEN) Intervention in Ghana

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Pan African Medical Journal, this study assessed the readiness of Ghana’s health facilities to implement the WHO-PEN intervention for NCDs, identifying gaps in workforce and equipment.

October 2016
By: Kofi Mensah Nyarko, Donne Kofi Ameme, Dennis Ocansey, Mehitabel Tori Markwei, Sally-Ann Ohene
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Abstract Pr591: Lifebox Project on Pulse Oximetry in Niger Republic

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Anesthesia & Analgesia, this study found severe shortages in pulse oximeters across 40 hospitals in Niger. The Lifebox initiative increased oximeter availability and provided critical training.

September 2016
By: C. Maman Sani, A. Kader, F. Adamou, E. Angela, Turc Remy, D. Hadjara
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Ethiopia’s National Medical Oxygen and Pulse Oximetry Scale Up Road Map (2016-2021)

GOVERNMENT POLICY / STRATEGY | This roadmap is intended to guide scale up of oxygen and pulse oximeters as well as standardizing the need for comprehensive approach to implementation at all levels throughout Ethiopia.

September 2016
By: Ethiopia Federal Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Indice De Disponibilité et De Capacité Opérationnelle Des Services De Santé (SARA) Mauritanie 2016 [Health Services Availability and Operational Capacity Index (SARA) Mauritania 2016]

REPORT | Published by the Ministry of Health and WHO, this report assesses the availability and operational capacity of health services in Mauritania, providing insights into health system readiness and service delivery.

September 2016
By: World Health Organization (WHO), Mauritania Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Results of a Nationwide Capacity Survey of Hospitals Providing Trauma Care in War-Affected Syria

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in JAMA Surgery, this study aims to identify the number of trauma hospitals operating in Syria and to delineate their capacities.

September 2016
By: Hani Mowafi, Mahmoud Hariri, Houssam Alnahhas, Tammam Allodami, Bahaa Mahameed, Jamal Kaby Koly, Ahmed Aldbis, Maher Saqqur, Baobao Zhang, Anas Al-Kassem
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

A Toolkit for Procuring Quality-Assured Basic Neonatal Resuscitation Commodities

REPOSITORY / TOOLKIT | This toolkit is intended to help with quantifying commodity needs, developing effective procurement plans, and writing specifications for national tenders.

July 2016
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

A National Trauma Capacity Assessment of Haiti

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Journal of Surgical Research, this study assessed trauma care capacity in Haiti, revealing severe shortages in essential equipment, surgical personnel, and trauma training.

March 2016
By: Chelsea McCullough, Vincent DeGennaro Jr., Joel Bagley, Jyotirmay Sharma, Mackenson Saint-Fort, Jean Hugues Henrys
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Bangladesh Health Facility Survey 2014

REPORT | This report presents findings of a Health Facility Survey in 2014 which assessed the quality, availability, and accessibility of health services in Bangladesh.

March 2016
By: Bangladesh Ministry of Health, Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) program
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Indice De Disponibilité Et De Capacité Opérationnelle Des Services De Santé (SARA) Chad 2015 [Health Services Availability and Operational Capacity Index (SARA) Chad 2015]

REPORT | Published by the Ministry of Public Health and WHO, this report assesses the availability and readiness of healthcare services across Chad, focusing on essential health services and system readiness.

February 2016
By: World Health Organization (WHO), Chad Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Serial Assessment of Trauma Care Capacity in Ghana in 2004 and 2014

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in JAMA Surgery, this study compared the availability of trauma care resources in Ghana between 2004 and 2014 to assess a decade of change in the landscape.

February 2016
By: Barclay T. Stewart, Robert Quansah, Adam Gyedu, Godfred Boakye, Francis Abantanga, James Ankomah, Peter Donkor, Charles Mock
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Tanzania Service Provision Assessment Survey 2014-2015

REPORT | This report presents the findings of the 2014-15 Tanzania Service Provision Assessment Survey, providing up-to-date information on the delivery of health care services in Tanzania.

February 2016
By: Tanzania Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children, Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) program
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Rapport de L’Evaluation de la Disponibilite de la Capacite Opérationnelle des Services de Sante avec les Outils SARA et DQR Niger 2015 [Report on the Assessment of the Availability of the Operational Capacity of Health Services with the SARA and DQR Tools Niger 2015]

REPORT | The Directorate of Statistics of the Niger Ministry of Public Health in collaboration with the National Institute of Statistics implemented Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) survey in 2015.

January 2016
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Basic ICU Capacity in the Province of Zambezia in Mozambique

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Critical Care Medicine, this conference presentation abstract sought to understand the basic intensive care unit (ICU) capacity of the province of Zambezia, Mozambique.

December 2015
By: Amina Merchant, Calvo Lazaro, Malena Outhay, Sidat Mohsin, Camila Lyon, K.A. Kelly McQueen
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Disponibilité Et Capacité Opérationnelle Des Services De Santé, Enquête SARA au Benin 2015 [Availability and Operational Capacity of Health Services, SARA Survey in Benin 2015]

REPORT | The 2015 Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) survey in Benin assessed the availability and operational capacity of health services across 788 health facilities in the country.

December 2015
By: World Health Organization (WHO), Benin Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Emergency Care Capabilities in North East Haiti: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | The study, published in the International Journal of Emergency Medicine, found significant deficiencies in emergency care capabilities in North East Haiti.

December 2015
By: Annelies De Wulf, Adam R. Aluisio, Dana Muhlfelder
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Survey of the Capacity for Essential Surgery and Anaesthesia Services in Papua New Guinea

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMJ Open, this study assesses capacity to provide essential surgical services including emergency, obstetric, and anesthesia care in PNG, in order to support planning for relevant post-2015 SDGs.

December 2015
By: Janet Martin, Goa Tau, Meena Cherian, Jennifer Vergel de Dios, David Mills, Jane Fitzpatrick, William Adu-Krow, Davy Cheng
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Strategic Assessment of the Availability of Pediatric Trauma Care Equipment, Technology and Supplies in Ghana

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the Journal of Pediatric Medicine, this study aimed to assess the availability of pediatric trauma care items and factors contributing to deficiencies in Ghana.

November 2015
By: James Ankomah, Barclay T. Stewart, Victor Oppong-Nketia, Adam Gyedu, Robert Quansah, Peter Donkor, Francis Abantanga, Charles Mock
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

A Cross-Sectional Survey of Emergency and Essential Surgical Care Capacity among Hospitals with High Trauma Burden in a Central African Country

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMC Health Services Research, this study assessed emergency and essential surgical care capacity across 12 hospitals in Cameroon, revealing shortages in infrastructure, trained personnel, and equipment.

October 2015
By: Marquise Kouo-Ngamby, Fanny Dissak-Delon, Isabelle Feldhaus, Catherine Juillard, Kent Stevens, Martin Ekeke Monono
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Strategic Assessment of Trauma Care Capacity in Ghana

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the World Journal of Surgery, this study aimed to assess availability of trauma care technology in Ghana and evaluate factors contributing to deficiencies.

October 2015
By: Barclay T. Stewart, Robert Quansah, Adam Gyedu, James Ankomah, Peter Donkor, Charles Mock
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Surgical and Anaesthetic Capacity of Hospitals in Malawi: Key Insights

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Health Policy and Planning, this study, in partnership with the Malawi Ministry of Health, quantified government hospitals’ surgical capacity through workforce, infrastructure and health service delivery components.

October 2015
By: Jaymie Ang Henry, Erica Frenkel, Eric Borgstein, Cyril Goddia
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Assessment of the Availability of Technology for Trauma Care in Nepal

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Injury, this study finds significant deficiencies in trauma care technology in Nepal, including shortages of pulse oximeters and ventilators due to maintenance issues.

September 2015
By: Mihir Tejanshu Shah, Suraj Bhattarai, Norman Lamichhane, Paul LaBarre, Manjul Joshipura, Charles Mock
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Estimation of Surgery Capacity in Haiti: Nationwide Survey of Hospitals

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the World Journal of Surgery, the study reviewed the surgical capacity in Haiti, identifying significant deficiencies in infrastructure and resources, and recommending task-sharing to improve surgical care.

September 2015
By: Tu M. Tran, Mackenson Saint-Fort, Marie-Djenane Jose, Jean Hugues Henrys, Jacques Pierre Pierre, Meena Cherian, Richard Gosselin
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA). v2.2

TOOL | The Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) is a health facility assessment tool designed to assess and monitor the service availability and readiness of the health sector.

September 2015
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Anesthesia Capacity in Rural Hospitals in Enugu, Nigeria

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Canadian Journal of Surgery, this study highlights the severe impact of caustic soda ingestion in children, a growing issue due to its use in local soap production.

August 2015
By: Obinna Ajuzieogu, Adaobi Amucheazi, Jayne Ajuzieogu, Chika Ikeani
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Global Surgery 2030: Evidence and Solutions for Achieving Health, Welfare, and Economic Development

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in The Lancet, this article highlights that the need for surgical services in LMICs will continue to rise substantially from now until 2030.

August 2015
By: John Gerard Meara, Andrew Leather, Lars Hagander, Blake C. Alkire, Nivaldo Alonso, Emmanuel Ameh, Stephen Bickler, Lesong Conteh, Anna J. Dar, Justine Davies, Eunice Dérivois Mérisier, Shenaaz El-Halabi, Paul E. Farmer, Atul Gawande, Rowan Gillies, Sarah L.M. Greenberg, Caris E. Grimes, Russell L. Gruen, Edna Adan Ismail, Thaim Kamara, Chris Lavy, Ganbold Lundeg, Nyengo C. Mkandawire, Nakul Raykar, Johanna N. Riesel, Edgar Rodas, John Rose, Nobhojit Roy, Mark Shrime, Richard Sullivan, Stéphane Verguet, David Watters, Thomas Weiser, Iain H. Wilson, Gavin Yamey, Winnie Yip
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Indice De Disponibilité Et De Capacité Opérationnelle Des Services De Santé (SARA) République Démocratique Du Congo 2014 [Health Services Availability and Operational Capacity Index (SARA) Democratic Republic of Congo 2014]

REPORT | This report presents findings from the 2014 Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) in DRC, focusing on healthcare services and infrastructure across the country.

May 2015
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

The Operational Setup of Intensive Care Units in a Low-Income Country in East Africa

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the East African Medical Journal, this observational cross-sectional survey evaluated the current status of intensive care unit setups and facilities in Kenya.

May 2015
By: U.K. Okech, Vitalis Mung’ayi
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

A Resource Planning Analysis of District Hospital Surgical Services in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Global Health: Science and Practice, this study found severe gaps in surgical capacity across 12 district hospitals in the DRC, with many lacking essential procedures, infrastructure, and resources.

March 2015
By: Melanie Sion, Dheepa Rajan, Hyppolite Kalambay, Jean-Pierre Lokonga, Joseph Bulakali, Mathias Mossoko, Dieudonne Kwete, Gerard Schmets, Edward Kelley, Tarcisse Elongo, Luis Sambo, Meena Cherian
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Anaesthesia, Surgery, Obstetrics, and Emergency Care in Guyana

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health, this study found critical deficiencies in surgical and anesthesia capacity across nine hospitals in Guyana, with district hospitals experiencing the greatest limitations.

March 2015
By: Hilary Vansell, Joseph Schlesinger, Amanda Harvey, John P. Rohde, Shamdeo Persaud, K.A. Kelly McQueen
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Hospital Care for Children: Quality Assessment and Improvement Tool: A Systematic Standard Based Participatory Approach. 2nd Edition

TOOL | Published by the WHO Regional Office for Europe, this tool assesses the quality of hospital care for children, focusing on infrastructure, case management, and policies, and supports quality improvement efforts.

March 2015
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care

Assessment of the Availability of Technology for Trauma Care in India

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in World Journal of Surgery, this study identifies significant deficiencies in trauma care technology in Gujarat, India, including shortages of key equipment like ventilators.

February 2015
By: Mihir Tejanshu Shah, Manjul Joshipura, Jered Singleton, Paul LaBarre, Hem Desai, Eliza Sharma, Charles Mock
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Emergency Care Capacity in Freetown, Sierra Leone: A Service Evaluation

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | The study, published in BMC Emergency Medicine, found significant deficiencies in emergency care capacity in Freetown, Sierra Leone, particularly in public hospitals.

February 2015
By: Rachel M. Coyle, Hooi-Ling Harrison
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Assessment of Neonatal Care in Clinical Training Facilities in Kenya

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Archives of Disease in Childhood, this study found that while basic neonatal resources were available in Kenyan hospitals, there were deficiencies in equipment and documentation.

January 2015
By: Jalemba Aluvaala, Fred Were, Aggrey Wasunna, Rose Kosgei, Jamlick Karumbi, David Gathara, Mike English
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) Zimbabwe 2015

REPORT | The Zimbabwe Ministry of Health and Child Care implemented the 2014 Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) to assess the availability, readiness, and quality of essential health services.

January 2015
By: World Health Organization (WHO), Zimbabwe Ministry of Health and Child Care
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Enquete Nationale Sur Les Prestations Des Services De Sante Et La Qualite Des Donnees Sanitaires (EN-PSQD/SARA II) Burkina Faso 2014 [National Survey on Health Service Delivery and Health Data Quality (EN-PSQD/SARA II) Burkina Faso 2014]

REPORT | The EN-PSQD/SARA II 2014 survey in Burkina Faso evaluated the availability and operational capacity of health services, providing essential data for health system strengthening and quality of care improvement.

December 2014
By: World Health Organization (WHO), Burkina Faso Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Assessment of Cesarean Delivery Availability in 26 Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Cross-Sectional Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, this study found that while many LMICs have facilities for cesarean delivery, barriers persist like a lack of anesthesia providers and equipment.

November 2014
By: Rele Ologunde, Joshua Vogel, Meena Cherian, Mariam Sbaiti, Mario Merialdi, James Yeats
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Malawi Service Provision Assessment (SPA) 2013-14

REPORT | This report presents the findings of the 2013-14 Malawi Service Provision Assessment, evaluating healthcare service availability and quality across the country.

November 2014
By: Malawi Ministry of Health and Population, Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) program
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

A Cross-Sectional Survey of Critical Care Services in Sri Lanka: A Lower Middle-Income Country

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Journal of Critical Care, this study assesses extent and variation of critical care services in Sri Lanka, and results showed all facilities had piped oxygen and most had...

October 2014
By: Rashan Haniffa, Ambepitiyawaduge Pubudu De Silva, Saman Iddagoda, Hasini Batawalage, S. Terrance De Silva, Palitha Mahipala, Arjen Dondorp, Nicolette de Keizer, Kosala Saroj Amarasiri Jayasinghe
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Compliance of District Hospitals in the Center Region of Cameroon with Who/IATSIC Guidelines for the Care of the Injured: A Cross-Sectional Analysis

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in World Journal of Surgery, this study assessed the compliance of district hospitals in Cameroon with trauma care guidelines.

October 2014
By: Alain Chichom-Mefire, Nicole Therese Mbarga-Essim, Martin Ekeke Monono
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Hospital Care for Mothers and Newborn Babies: Quality Assessment and Improvement Tool a Systematic Standard Based Participatory Approach, 2nd Edition

TOOL | Published by the World Health Organization, this tool assesses and improves the quality of hospital care for mothers and newborn babies, providing a participatory approach to quality enhancement.

October 2014
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care

Assessment of Facility Readiness and Provider Preparedness for Dealing with Postpartum Haemorrhage and Pre-Eclampsia/Eclampsia in Public and Private Health Facilities of Northern Karnataka, India: A Cross-Sectional Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, the study highlights deficiencies in facility readiness and provider preparedness for managing critical maternal complications in northern Karnataka, India.

September 2014
By: Krishnamurthy Jayanna, Prem Mony, Banadakoppa M. Ramesh, Annamma Thomas, Ajay Gaikwad, Haranahalli Lakkappa Mohan, James F. Blanchard, Stephen Moses, Lisa Avery
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Emergency and Urgent Care Capacity in a Resource-Limited Setting: An Assessment of Health Facilities in Western Kenya

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | The study, published in BMJ Open, found significant gaps in emergency and urgent care capacity in western Kenya, with many facilities lacking basic supplies, essential equipment, and clinical guidelines.

September 2014
By: Thomas Burke, Rosemary Hines, Roy Ahn, David Young, Rachel Eleanor Anderson, Sabrina M. Tom, Rachel Clark, Walter Obita, Brett Nelson
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Inter-Rater Reliability of the PIPES Tool: Validation of a Surgical Capacity Index for Use in Resource-Limited Settings

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in World Journal of Surgery, this article assesses the reliability of the PIPES tool in measuring surgical capacity in resource-limited settings, highlighting areas for improvement.

September 2014
By: Abraham Markin, Roxana Barbero, Jeffrey Leow, Reinou Groen, Greg Perlman, Elizabeth Habermann, Keith Apelgren, Benedict Nwomeh
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

The International Assessment of Capacity for Trauma (INTACT): An Index for Trauma Capacity in Low-Income Countries

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Journal of Surgical Research, this study examines the International Assessment of Capacity for Trauma (INTACT) index as a standardized way of assessing trauma care in Sierra Leone.

August 2014
By: Evan G. Wong, Shailvi Gupta, Dan L. Deckelbaum, Thaim Kamara, Benedict Nwomeh, Adil H. Haider
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Service Availability and Readiness Assessment Mapping (SARAM) Kenya 2013

REPORT | The Ministry of Health implemented the 2013 Service Availability and Readiness Assessment Mapping (SARAM) for Kenya to assess the availability, readiness, and quality of essential health services.

June 2014
By: Kenya Ministry of Health, World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Sénégal : Enquête Continue sur la Prestation des Services de Soins de Santé (ECPSS) 2014 [Senegal: Continuous Survey on the Provision of Health Care Services (ECPSS) 2014]

REPORT | This survey provides detailed information on the delivery of services and the functioning of the various elements of the health system in Senegal, including those related to oxygen delivery.

June 2014
By: Senegal Ministry of Health and Social Action, Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) program
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Adoption of Recommended Practices and Basic Technologies in a Low-Resource Setting

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Archives of Disease in Childhood, this study found resource availability in Kenyan hospitals improved over a decade, but critical gaps persist in diagnostics and technologies like pulse oximetry.

May 2014
By: Mike English, David Gathara, Stephen Mwinga, Philip Ayieko, Charles Opondo, Jalemba Aluvaala, Elesban Kihuba, Paul Mwaniki, Fred Were, Grace Irimu, Aggrey Wasunna, Wycliffe Mogoa, Rachel Nyamai
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Haïti Évaluation De La Prestation Des Services De Soins De Santé 2013 [Haiti Health Care Service Delivery Assessment 2013]

REPORT | Published by the Haitian Ministry of Public Health, this report provides an in-depth evaluation of healthcare service provision in Haiti, highlighting key challenges and opportunities for improvement.

March 2014
By: Haitian Children’s Institute, Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) program
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Prioritizing Essential Surgery and Safe Anesthesia for the Post-2015 Development Agenda: Operative Capacities of 78 District Hospitals in 7 Low- and Middle-Income Countries

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Surgery, this study compares the operative capacities of multiple low- and middle-income countries and identify critical gaps in surgical infrastructure.

March 2014
By: Drake LeBrun, Smita Chackungal, Tiffany Chao, Lisa Knowlton, Allison Linden, Michelle Notrica, Carolina Solis, K.A. Kelly McQueen
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

A Quantitative Analysis of Surgical Capacity in Santa Cruz, Bolivia

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Journal of Surgical Research, this study found significant disparities in surgical capacity between urban and rural areas in Santa Cruz, Bolivia.

November 2013
By: Abraham Markin, Roxana Barbero, Jeffrey Leow, Reinou Groen, Evan Skow, Keith Apelgren, Benedict Nwomeh
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) Uganda 2013

REPORT | This Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) survey assessed health service availability and readiness in Uganda, focusing on essential health services such as maternal, child, and HIV care.

October 2013
By: Uganda Ministry of Health, World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Nicaraguan Surgical and Anesthesia Infrastructure: Survey of Ministry of Health Hospitals

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in World Journal of Surgery, this study assesses the surgical and anesthesia infrastructure in Nicaraguan hospitals, highlighting capacity variations across hospital types and reliance on NGOs to address gaps.

September 2013
By: Carolina Solis, Pablo León, Nora Sanchez, Mackenzie Burdic, Logan Johnson, Hannah Warren, Adam Iddriss, K.A. Kelly McQueen
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Insight into Implementation of Facility-Based Integrated Management of Childhood Illness Strategy in a Rural District of Sindh, Pakistan

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Global Health Action, this article investigates the challenges and enablers of IMCI strategy implementation at primary healthcare facilities in Sindh, Pakistan, aiming to improve childhood health outcomes.

July 2013
By: Nousheen Akber Pradhan, Narjis Rizvi, Neelofar Sami
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) United Republic of Tanzania 2012

REPORT | The Tanzania Ministry of Health and Social Welfare implemented the 2012 Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) to assess the availability, readiness, and quality of essential health services.

July 2013
By: World Health Organization (WHO), Tanzania Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) Yemen 2013

REPORT | This Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) in 2013 assessed the availability, readiness, and quality of essential health services in Yemen.

July 2013
By: World Health Organization (WHO), Yemen Ministry of Public Health and Population
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Pediatric Emergency and Essential Surgical Care in Zambian Hospitals: A Nationwide Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Journal of Pediatric Surgery, this study identifies the range of pediatric surgery available, barriers to provision, and safety of surgery performed for the entire pediatric population in Zambia.

June 2013
By: Kendra G. Bowman, Goran Jovic, Shawn Rangel, William Berry, Atul Gawande
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Sénégal : Enquête Continue sur la Prestation des Services de Soins de Santé (ECPSS) 2012-2013 [Senegal: Continuous Survey on the Provision of Health Care Services (ECPSS) 2012-2013]

REPORT | This survey assesses the delivery of services and the functioning of the various elements of the health system in Senegal in 2013, including those related to oxygen delivery.

June 2013
By: Senegal Ministry of Health and Social Action, Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) program
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Multicentre Study of Hypoxaemia Prevalence and Quality of Oxygen Treatment for Hospitalized Malawian Children

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, this study reveals routine use of pulse oximetry remains limited for hospitalized children in Malawi.

May 2013
By: Eric D. McCollum, Erica Bjornstad, Geoffrey Preidis, Mina Hosseinipour, Norman Lufesi
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Quality of Newborn Care: A Health Facility Assessment in Rural Ghana Using Survey, Vignette and Surveillance Data

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMJ Open, this study aimed to assess the structural capacity for, and quality of, immediate and essential newborn care (ENC) in health facilities in rural Ghana.

May 2013
By: Linda Vesel, Alexander Manu, Terhi J. Lohela, Sabine Gabrysch, Eunice Okyere, Augustinus H.A. Ten Asbroek, Zelee Hill, Charlotte Tawiah Agyemang, Seth Owusu-Agyei, Betty R. Kirkwood
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Emergency and Critical Care Services in Tanzania: A Survey of Ten Hospitals

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | The study, published in BMC Health Services Research, surveyed ten Tanzanian hospitals and found significant gaps in emergency and critical care infrastructure and training.

April 2013
By: Tim Baker, Jaran Eriksen, Lars Irestedt, David Konrad
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Liberian Surgical and Anesthesia Infrastructure: A Survey of County Hospitals

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in World Journal of Surgery, this study assesses the surgical and anesthesia infrastructure in Liberia’s county hospitals, identifying gaps in personnel, equipment, and outcomes tracking.

April 2013
By: Lisa Knowlton, Smita Chackungal, Bernice Dahn, Drake LeBrun, Jason Nickerson, K.A. Kelly McQueen
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Point-of-Care Testing Value Proposition for Disaster Preparedness in Small-World Networks: Post-Tsunami Phang Nga Province, Coastal Thailand

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the Journal of Near-Patient Testing & Technology, this study examined point-of-care testing and O2 saturation monitoring in Phang Nga to develop preparedness strategies for low-resource small-world networks.

March 2013
By: Geral Kost, Pratheep Katip, Shayanisawa Kulrattanamaneeporn
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Staff Experiences of Providing Maternity Services in Rural Southern Tanzania – A Focus on Equipment, Drug and Supply Issues

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMC Health Services Research, this study describes staff experiences of providing maternal and neonatal care in rural health facilities in Southern Tanzania.

February 2013
By: Suzanne Penfold, Donat Shamba, Claudia Hanson, Fatuma Manzi, Tanya Marchant, Marcel Tanner, Kate Ramsey, David Schellenberg, Joanna Armstrong Schellenberg
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Measuring Global Surgical Disparities: A Survey of Surgical and Anesthesia Infrastructure in Bangladesh

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in World Journal of Surgery, this study surveys surgical and anesthesia infrastructure in Bangladesh, revealing critical shortages in skilled personnel, infrastructure, and equipment, especially in district hospitals.

January 2013
By: Drake LeBrun, Debashish Dhar, Md Imran Sarkar, T.M. Tanzil Al Imran, Sayadat Kazi, K.A. Kelly McQueen
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy
January 2013
By: World Health Organization (WHO), Benin Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

A Survey of Surgical Capacity in Rural Southern Nigeria: Opportunities for Change

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the World Journal of Surgery, this study quantified the surgical capacity of health facilities in rural southern Nigeria in five areas: workforce, infrastructure, skill, equipment, and supplies.

December 2012
By: Jaymie Ang Henry, Olubayo Windapo, Adam L. Kushner, Reinou Groen, Benedict Nwomeh
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

An Assessment of the Quality of Care for Children in Eighteen Randomly Selected District and Sub-District Hospitals in Bangladesh

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMC Pediatrics, this study found significant gaps in pediatric hospital care in Bangladesh, including inadequate triage, limited essential drugs, and poor infrastructure.

December 2012
By: Dewan M. Emdadul Hoque, Muntasirur Rahman, Sk Masum Billah, Michael Savic, AQM Rezaul Karim, Enayet Chowdhury, Altaf Hossain, S.A.J. Md Musa, Harish Kumar, Sudhansh Malhotra, Ziaul Matin, Neena Raina, Martin Weber, Shams El Arifeen
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Post Conflict Health Facility Assessment Libya 2012

REPORT | The 2012 Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) assessed the current status of infrastructure, service delivery and system resources, including those relevant to medical oxygen.

December 2012
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

A Rapid Assessment of the Quality of Neonatal Healthcare in Kilimanjaro Region, Northeast Tanzania

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMC Pediatrics, this study found severe deficiencies in neonatal care across 13 Tanzanian health facilities, including poor documentation, lack of premature care units, and frequent medication dosing errors.

November 2012
By: Bernard Mbwele, Elizabeth Reddy, Hugh Reyburn
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Assessment of Pediatric Surgery Capacity at Government Hospitals in Sierra Leone

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in World Journal of Surgery, this study revealed severe deficiencies in pediatric surgical capacity in Sierra Leone’s government hospitals, including a lack of essential equipment.

November 2012
By: Reinou Groen, Thaim Kamara, Richmond Dixon-Cole, Kisito Daoh, T. Peter Kingham, Benedict Nwomeh
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Barriers to Uptake of Oxygen Therapy in Malawi: A Qualitative Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Thorax (BMJ), the study on oxygen therapy in Malawi revealed that fear, misinformation, and limited knowledge were significant barriers to its use.

November 2012
By: Anna Clare Stevenson, Christopher Edwards, Josephine Langton, Neil Kennedy
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Gaps in Capacity in Primary Care in Low-Resource Settings for Implementation of Essential Noncommunicable Disease Interventions

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in International Journal of Hypertension, this study evaluates the capacity of primary care in low-resource settings to manage noncommunicable diseases, highlighting key gaps in infrastructure and resources.

November 2012
By: Shanthi Mendis, Igbal Al Bashir, Lanka Dissanayake, Cherian Varghese, Ibtihal Fadhil, Esha Marhe, Boureima Sambo, Firdosi Mehta, Hind Elsayad, Idrisa Sow, Maltie Algoe, Herbert Tennakoon, Lai Die Truong, Le Thi Tuyet Lan, Dismond Huiuinato, Neelamni Hewageegana, Naiema Fahal, Goitom Mebrhatu, Gado Tshering, Oleg Chestnov
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Surgical and Anesthesia Capacity in Bolivian Public Hospitals: Results from a National Hospital Survey

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in World Journal of Surgery, this study assessed surgical and anesthesia capacity in Bolivia as part of a larger study assessing capacity in Africa, Latin America, and South Asia.

November 2012
By: Drake LeBrun, Iracema Saavedra-Pozo, Fernando Agreda-Flores, Mackenzie Burdic, Michelle Notrica, K.A. Kelly McQueen
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Survey of Surgery and Anesthesia Infrastructure in Ethiopia

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in World Journal of Surgery, this study assessed surgical and anesthesia infrastructure and human resources in Ethiopia as part of a larger study examining capacity in ten African countries.

November 2012
By: Tiffany Chao, Mackenzie Burdic, Karan Ganjawalla, Christopher Keshian, John Gerard Meara, K.A. Kelly McQueen
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

WHO Generic Essential Emergency Equipment List

TOOL | Published by the World Health Organization, this checklist outlines the essential equipment needed for resuscitation and emergency surgical care at first referral health facilities.

October 2012
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

A Tool and Index to Assess Surgical Capacity in Low Income Countries: An Initial Implementation in Sierra Leone

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in World Journal of Surgery, this study found improvements in surgical capacity across 10 Sierra Leonean hospitals using the PIPES assessment tool.

August 2012
By: Reinou Groen, Thaim Kamara, Richmond Dixon-Cole, Steven Kwon, T. Peter Kingham
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Availability of Anesthesia Equipment in Chinese Hospitals: Is the Safety of Anesthesia Patient Care Assured?

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Anesthesia & Analgesia, this study reveals that many Chinese hospitals, particularly smaller and economically disadvantaged ones, lack essential anesthesia equipment.

June 2012
By: Xie Juan, Fu Xinqiao, Yao Shanglong, Yu Buwei, Yuan Shiying, Fang Pengqian, Zeng Hanqing
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Guidelines for Essential Trauma Care

GUIDANCE | These guidelines seek to set achievable standards for trauma treatment services which could realistically be made available to almost every injured person in the world, including for respiratory care.

June 2012
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care

Challenges of Surgery in Developing Countries: A Survey of Surgical and Anesthesia Capacity in Uganda’s Public Hospitals

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in World Journal of Surgery, this study found significant deficiencies in surgical and anesthesia capacity in Uganda’s public hospitals.

May 2012
By: Allison Linden, Francis Serufusa Sekidde, Moses Galukande, Lisa Knowlton, Smita Chackungal, K.A. Kelly McQueen
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

The Effect of Staff and Community Education on Oxygen Uptake by Paediatric Patients in a Rural Hospital in Malawi

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Archives of Childhood Disease, this study assessed the impact of a twofold brief education intervention on the use of oxygen therapy at a rural hospital in Southern Malawi.

May 2012
By: Christopher Edwards
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Anesthesia Capacity in 22 Low- and Middle-Income Countries

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Journal of Anesthesia & Clinical Research, this study evaluates anesthesia capacity in 22 low- and middle-income countries, revealing that 35% of hospitals lacked oxygen.

April 2012
By: Daniel Vo, Meena Cherian, Shannon Bianchi, Luc Noel, Ganbold Lundeg, Asadullah Taqdeer, Bakary Jargo, Margaret Okello-Nyeko, Athula Kahandaliyanage, Olive Sentumbwe-Mugisa, Edward Ochroch, David Okello, Jack Abdoulie, Olayinka Ayankogbe, Olaitan Alice Soyannwo, Patrick Hoekman, Paul Bossyn, Rachid Sani, Stephen Mwin
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Comprehensive National Analysis of Emergency and Essential Surgical Capacity in Rwanda

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in British Journal of Surgery, this study analyzes Rwanda’s emergency surgical capacity, uncovering severe shortages in resources, including trained surgeons and essential equipment.

March 2012
By: Robin T. Petroze, Albert Nzayisenga, Vincent Rusanganwa, Georges Ntakiyiruta, J. Forrest Calland
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Emergency and Surgery Services of Primary Hospitals in the United Republic of Tanzania

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | The study, published in BMJ Open, found significant gaps in Tanzania’s first-referral health facilities’ capacity to perform basic surgical procedures, with major deficits in infrastructure, human resources, and essential equipment.

February 2012
By: Tom Penoyar, Hillary Cohen, Pascience Kibatala, Anthony Magoda, Grace Saguti, Luc Noel, Steffen Groth, David Mwakyusa, Meena Cherian
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Assessing the Health System’s Capacity to Conduct Neonatal Resuscitation in Ethiopia

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Ethiopian Medical Journal, this study found significant gaps in Ethiopia’s neonatal resuscitation capacity, especially in health centers.

January 2012
By: Abonesh Haile-Mariam, Neghist Tesfaye, Conrad Otterness, Patricia Bailey
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

A Survey of Emergency and Surgical Services in the United Republic of Tanzania

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | This study aimed to assess the capacity for delivery of emergency and surgical services in the United Republic of Tanzania.

December 2011
By: Tom Penoyar, Hillary Cohen, Pascience Kibatala, Anthony Magoda, Grace Saguti, Luc Noel, Steffen Groth, David Mwakyusa, Meena Cherian
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Emergency, Anaesthetic, and Essential Surgical Capacity in the Gambia

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | The study, published in the Bulletin of the World Health Organization, found significant deficits in emergency and essential surgical care capacity in The Gambia.

August 2011
By: Adam Iddriss, Nestor Shivute, Stephen Bickler, Bakary Jargo, Fizan Abdullah, Meena Cherian
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Rwandan Surgical and Anesthesia Infrastructure: A Survey of District Hospitals

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the World Journal of Surgery, this survey assessed surgical and anesthesia infrastructure in Rwanda as part of a larger study examining low-income African countries.

August 2011
By: Michelle Notrica, Lisa Knowlton, K.A. Kelly McQueen
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Surgical Care in the Solomon Islands: A Road Map for Universal Surgical Care Delivery

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the World Journal of Surgery, this study aimed to assess the ability to provide surgical care to the people living on outer islands in the Solomon Islands.

June 2011
By: Eileen S. Natuzzi, Rooney Jagilly, Kaeni Agiomea, Levi Hou, Patrick Houasia, Phillip L. Hendricks, Dudley Ba’erodo
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Kenya Service Provision Assessment (SPA) Survey 2010

REPORT | This report presents findings from the 2010 Kenya Service Provision Assessment, focusing on healthcare infrastructure, services, and resources to enhance health systems in Kenya.

May 2011
By: Kenya Ministry of Health, Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) program
Oxygen ecosystem planning

The Functioning of Oxygen Concentrators in Resource-Limited Settings: A Situation Assessment in Two Countries

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, the study describes oxygen concentrator functioning in Malawi and Mongolia as a primary source of oxygen treatment for children.

May 2011
By: Sophie La Vincente, David Peel, Susanne Carai, Martin Weber, Penny Enarson, Ellubey Maganga, Gochoo Soyolgerel, Trevor Duke
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Preparedness for Mass Casualties of Road Traffic Crashes in Uganda: Assessing the Surge Capacity of Highway General Hospitals

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | This study aimed to determine the capacity of Uganda’s highway hospitals to manage mass surgical casualties.

April 2011
By: Nathan Onyachi, Everd Maniple Bakaitwoha, Stefano Santini
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Asthma in Nigeria: Are the Facilities and Resources Available to Support Internationally Endorsed Standards of Care?

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Health Policy, this study assessed the facilities and resources available to support internationally endorsed standards of asthma care at tertiary hospitals in Nigeria.

March 2011
By: Olufemi Desalu, Cajetan C. Onyedum, Kufre Robert Iseh, Fatai Kunle Salawu, Kazeem Salami
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Neonatal Resuscitation Capacity in Nepal

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, this study assesses neonatal resuscitation capacity in Nepal, identifying equipment gaps and emphasizing the need for training and resources.

March 2011
By: Christina Nelson, Jonathan Spector
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Validation of the World Health Organization Tool for Situational Analysis to Assess Emergency and Essential Surgical Care at District Hospitals in Ghana

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in World Journal of Surgery, this study determined the test-retest reliability of the WHO Tool for Situational Analysis to Assess Emergency and Essential Surgical Care in 10 Ghanaian hospitals.

March 2011
By: Hayley Osen, David Chang, Shelly Choo, Afua Hesse, Francis Abantanga, Colin McCord, Kristin Chrouser, Fizan Abdullah
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Quantifying Surgical and Anesthetic Availability at Primary Health Facilities in Mongolia

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the World Journal of Surgery, this study aimed to characterize the availability of surgical and anesthetic services at primary level health facilities in Mongolia.

February 2011
By: David Spiegel, Shelly Choo, Meena Cherian, Beat Kehrer, Raymond R. Price, Salik Govind
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Implementing Liberia’s Poverty Reduction Strategy: An Assessment of Emergency and Essential Surgical Care

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Archives of Surgery, this article assesses emergency and surgical care infrastructure in Liberia, identifying gaps in resources and manpower that hinder progress toward poverty reduction.

January 2011
By: Lawrence Sherman, Peter Clement, Meena Cherian, Luc Noel, Bernice Dahn, Walter Gwenigale
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Quality of Care for Prevention and Management of Common Maternal and Newborn Complications: Findings from a National Health Facility Survey in Kenya

REPORT | This quality of care (QoC) survey conducted during the first six months of 2010 assessed the care received by mothers and newborns during antenatal and delivery care.

January 2011
By: Kenya Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Oxygen Supplies for Hospitals in Papua New Guinea: A Comparison of the Feasibility and Cost-Effectiveness of Methods for Different Settings

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | This study in the Papua New Guinea Medical Journal reviews the methods for providing oxygen in Papua New Guinea.

December 2010
By: Trevor Duke, David Peel, Francis Wandi, Rami Subhi, Martin Saavu, Sens Matai
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Paediatric Surgery and Anaesthesia in South-Western Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Survey

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Bulletin of the World Health Organization, this study compared pediatric surgery rates in southwestern Uganda to England, and determined if surgical facilities and workforce meet WHO standards.

December 2010
By: Isabeau A. Walker, Apunyo D. Obua, Falan Mouton, Iain H. Wilson
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Cartographie De L’offre De Sante Région Du Centre, Burkina Faso 2010 [Mapping of Health Care Provision in the Central Region, Burkina Faso 2010]

REPORT | This SAM survey in the Central region of Burkina Faso mapped health facilities, pharmacies, and laboratories, evaluating their capacity, services, and resources.

November 2010
By: World Health Organization (WHO), Burkina Faso Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Ratification of IATSIC/WHO’s Guidelines for Essential Trauma Care Assessment in the South American Region

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in World Journal of Surgery, this study evaluated the usefulness of the Guidelines for Essential Trauma Care to assess trauma care capabilities in the South American region.

November 2010
By: Michel B. Aboutanos, Francisco Mora, Edgar Rodas, Juan Salamea, Marcelo Ochoa Parra, Estuardo Salgado, Charles Mock, Rao Ivatury
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Summary of the Consultation on a Strategy for Services for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in England

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Primary Care Respiratory Journal, the Strategy for Services for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in England outlines service standards for providers of COPD care.

November 2010
By: Rupert Jones, Kevin Gruffydd-Jones, Hilary Pinnock, Judith Lawrence, Jane Scullion, Patrick White, Steve Holmes
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Comparison of Surgical Care Deficiencies between U.S. Civil War Hospitals and Present-Day Hospitals in Sierra Leone

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in World Journal of Surgery, this study compares the surgical care infrastructure in Sierra Leone with that of U.S. Civil War hospitals.

August 2010
By: Joseph Crompton, T. Peter Kingham, Thaim Kamara
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Influenza Preparedness in Low-Resource Settings: A Look at Oxygen Delivery in 12 African Countries

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, this article discusses the state of oxygen availability and delivery systems in 12 African countries.

August 2010
By: Janeil Belle, Hillary Cohen, Nahoko Shindo, Adriana Velazquez-Berumen, Jean-Bosco Ndihokubwayo, Meena Cherian
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Global Operating Theatre Distribution and Pulse Oximetry Supply: An Estimation from Reported Data

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in The Lancet, this article explores the global distribution of operating theatres and the availability of pulse oximeters in hospitals, revealing significant disparities between regions.

July 2010
By: Luke Funk, Thomas Weiser, William Berry, Stuart Lipsitz, Alan Merry, Angela Enright, Iain H. Wilson, Gerald Dziekan, Atul Gawande
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Tool for Situational Analysis to Assess Emergency and Essential Surgical Care (TSAAEESC)

TOOL | This WHO tool can be used to assess the gaps in the availability of emergency and essential surgical care at resource-constrained health facilities.

June 2010
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Emergency and Essential Surgical Services in Afghanistan: Still a Missing Challenge

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | The study, published in World Journal of Surgery, found severe shortages in emergency surgical services in Afghanistan, including limited oxygen supply, running water, and continuous power.

March 2010
By: Sandro Contini, Asadullah Taqdeer, Meena Cherian, Ahmad Shah Shokohmand, Richard Gosselin, Peter Graaff, Luc Noel
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Survey of Emergency and Surgical Capacity in the Conflict-Affected Regions of Sri Lanka

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the World Journal of Surgery, this study quantifies the current status of capacity to deliver emergency, anesthesia, and surgical interventions in the conflict affected areas of Sri Lanka.

March 2010
By: Breena R. Taira, Meena Cherian, Harischandra Yakandawala, R. Kesavan, Sarath M. Samarage, Mohan DeSilva
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Addressing the Millennium Development Goals from a Surgical Perspective: Essential Surgery and Anesthesia in 8 Low- and Middle-Income Countries

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Archives of Surgery, this study found widespread deficiencies in surgical and anesthetic capacity across district-level hospitals in eight LMICs, with critical shortages in infrastructure and essential procedures.

February 2010
By: Meena Cherian, Luc Noel, David Spiegel, Steffen Groth, Carissa Etienne
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Monitoring the Building Blocks of Health Systems: A Handbook of Indicators and their Measurement Strategies

GUIDANCE | This handbook is structured around the six HSS building blocks: service delivery, health workforce, health information systems, access to essential medicines, financing, and leadership/governance.

February 2010
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Assessment of Acute Trauma Care Training in Kenya

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the American Journal of Surgery, this study assessed the effectiveness of an Acute Trauma Care (ATC) course adapted for Kenya’s resource-limited healthcare system.

November 2009
By: Jana B.A. MacLeod, Sara Gravelin, Tait Jones, Alex Gololov, Michelle Thomas, Benson Omondi, Elizabeth Bukusi
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Creating Access to Health Technologies in Poor Countries

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Health Affairs, this article presents seven findings about processes that shape access, based on analysis of six case histories.

July 2009
By: Laura J. Frost, Michael R. Reich
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Safe Surgery Checklist

TOOL | The WHO Surgical Safety Checklist was developed after extensive consultation aiming to decrease errors and adverse events and increase teamwork and communication in surgery.

July 2009
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Quantifying Surgical Capacity in Sierra Leone: A Guide for Improving Surgical Care

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Archives of Surgery, this study combines information quantifying infrastructure, human resources, and supplies for resuscitation, and surgical procedures offered at hospitals in Sierra Leone.

February 2009
By: T. Peter Kingham, Thaim Kamara, Meena Cherian, Meghan Simkins, Chris Meissner, Lynda Foray-Rahall, Soccoh A. Kabia
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

When Should Oxygen Be Given to Children at High Altitude? A Systematic Review to Define Altitude-Specific Hypoxaemia

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Archives of Disease in Childhood, this study aimed to define normal oxygen saturation and to estimate the threshold of hypoxemia for children permanently living at different altitudes.

January 2009
By: Rami Subhi, Katherine Smith, Trevor Duke
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Improved Oxygen Systems for Childhood Pneumonia: A Multihospital Effectiveness Study in Papua New Guinea

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | This study in The Lancet examines the effect of an improved oxygen system on death rate in children with pneumonia in Papua New Guinea.

November 2008
By: Trevor Duke, Francis Wandi, Merilyn Jonathan, Sens Matai, Magdalene Kaupa, Martin Saavu, Rami Subhi, David Peel
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Rwanda Service Provision Assessment Survey 2007

REPORT | The 2007 Rwanda Service Provision Assessment (RSPA) assessed the strengths and weaknesses of the infrastructure and systems supporting health services in the country.

September 2008
By: Rwanda Ministry of Health, Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) program
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Childhood Pneumonia and Oxygen Treatment

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | This article in The Lancet reports that the implementation of oxygen therapy and monitoring systems can be a feasible cost-effective step forward, and can save lives.

August 2008
By: André M. Cantin
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Assessing Emergency Medical Care in Low Income Countries: A Pilot Study from Pakistan

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMC Emergency Medicine, this study evaluated emergency medical care in Pakistani district hospitals, revealing severe deficiencies in infrastructure, equipment, and budgeting.

July 2008
By: Junaid Razzak, Adnan Hyder, Tasleem Akhtar, Mubashir Khan, Uzma Khan
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Material and Human Resources for Neonatal Resuscitation in Public Maternity Hospitals in Brazilian State Capitals

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in São Paulo Medical Journal, this study evaluates the material and human resources available for neonatal resuscitation in public hospitals across Brazil’s state capitals.

May 2008
By: Maria Fernanda Branco de Almeida, Ruth Guinsburg, José Orleans da Costa, Lincoln Marcelo Silveira Freire
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Clinical Assessment and Treatment in Paediatric Wards in the North-East of the United Republic of Tanzania

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Bulletin of the World Health Organization, a study in north-east Tanzania found poor clinical assessment practices in pediatric wards.

February 2008
By: Hugh Reyburn, Emmanuel Mwakasungula, Semkini Chonya, Ib Bygbjerg, Anja Poulsen, Raimos Olomi
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Access: How Do Good Health Technologies Get to Poor People in Poor Countries?

GUIDANCE | This book looks at lack of access to health technologies through a comprehensive analytical framework and examines six case studies based on: Architecture, Availability, Affordability, and Adoption.

January 2008
By: Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Laura J. Frost
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Improving Paediatric Referral Care in the Context of Child Survival Activities and IMCI: Review of Processes to Improve Paediatric Care in Small Hospitals in Developing Countries : Report of a Global Meeting, Denpasar, Indonesia, 15-19 January 2007

GUIDANCE | Published by WHO, this document provides strategies and frameworks for improving pediatric care in small hospitals within developing countries, with a focus on child survival and IMCI.

January 2008
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning

Assessment of the Status of Resources for Essential Trauma Care in Hanoi and Khanh Hoa, Vietnam

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Injury, this study assesses trauma care resources in Hanoi and Khanh Hoa, Vietnam, revealing deficiencies in district and commune hospitals.

September 2007
By: Nguyen Thai Son, Nguyen Hoai Thu, Nguyen Thi Hong Tu, Charles Mock
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Service Availability Mapping (SAM) Ghana 2005

REPORT | The Service Availability and Mapping (SAM) 2005 survey for Ghana was implemented by Ghana Ministry of Health to collect information on the availability and coverage of health services and resources.

April 2007
By: Ghana Ministry of Health, World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Service Availability Mapping (SAM) United Republic of Tanzania 2005-2006

REPORT | This Service Availability Mapping (SAM) 2006 provides Tanzania with information on the distribution of facilities, human resources, and basic health services.

January 2007
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Hospital Services for Children in the Solomon Islands: Rebuilding after the Civil Conflict

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, this article assesses hospital services for children in the Solomon Islands, particularly on the efforts to rebuild after the civil conflict.

November 2006
By: James Auto, Titus Nasi, Divi Ogaoga, Trevor Duke
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Albania Service Availability Mapping (SAM) 2005

REPORT | The SAM survey in Albania aimed to assess the availability and coverage of key health services and resources across the country.

June 2006
By: World Health Organization (WHO), Albania Institute of Public Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Evaluation of Trauma Care Capabilities in Four Countries using the WHO-IATSIC Guidelines for Essential Trauma Care

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in World Journal of Surgery, this study assesses trauma care capabilities in Mexico, Vietnam, India, and Ghana using the WHO-IATSIC Guidelines for Essential Trauma Care.

June 2006
By: Charles Mock, Son Nguyen, Robert Quansah, Carlos Arreola-Risa, Ramesh Viradia, Manjul Joshipura
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Improvements in Trauma Care Capabilities in Vietnam through Use of the Who-IATSIC Guidelines for Essential Trauma Care

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion, this article evaluates the improvements in trauma care in Vietnam following the introduction of the WHO-IATSIC guidelines.

June 2006
By: Nguyen Thai Son, Charles Mock
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Evaluating Trauma Care Capabilities in Mexico with the World Health Organization’s Guidelines for Essential Trauma Care Publication

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública, this study assesses trauma care capabilities in Mexico using the WHO’s Guidelines for Essential Trauma Care, identifying key deficiencies and suggesting improvements.

February 2006
By: Carlos Arreola-Risa, Charles Mock, Felipe Vega Rivera, Felipe Guzmán Solana, Giovanni Porras Ramírez, Gilberto Montiel Amoroso, Melanie de Boer
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Service Availability Mapping (SAM) Uganda 2004

REPORT | Service Availability Mapping (SAM) in Uganda was conducted by Uganda’s Ministry of Health to collect information on the availability and distribution of key health services.

January 2006
By: Uganda Ministry of Health, World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Needs Assessment and Evaluation Form for Resource Limited Health Care Facility (Annexe 3) of WHO Workshop on Integrated Management on Emergency and Essential Surgical Care (IMEESC) in collaboration with Ministry of Health, Kyrgyzstan

REPORT | Published by WHO, this report discusses a workshop held in Kyrgyzstan to improve emergency surgical care at primary health facilities, integrating WHO’s IMEESC toolkit to strengthen healthcare and meet MDGs.

August 2005
By: World Health Organization (WHO), Kyrgyzstan Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning

Egypt Service Provision Assessment (SPA) Survey 2004

REPORT | This report presents findings of the 2004 Egypt Service Provision Assessment which assessed the quality, availability, and accessibility of health services in the region.

April 2005
By: Egypt Ministry of Health and Population, Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) program
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Egypt Service Provision Assessment (SPA) Survey 2002

REPORT | This report presents findings of the 2002 Egypt Service Provision Assessment which assessed the quality, availability, and accessibility of health services in the region.

November 2003
By: Egypt Ministry of Health and Population, Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) program
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Management of Severely Ill Children at First-Level Health Facilities in Sub-Saharan Africa When Referral Is Difficult

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Bulletin of the World Health Organization, this study highlights challenges faced by first-level health facilities in sub-Saharan Africa in managing severely ill children.

September 2003
By: Eric Simoes, Youssouf Gamatie, Gelasius Mukasa, Jesca Nsungwa-Sabiiti, Wilson Were, Martin Weber
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Improving Quality of Paediatric Care in Small Hospitals in Developing Countries: Report of a Meeting, Geneva, 19-21 June 2000

REPORT | Published by the World Health Organization, this report provides insights into and recommendations for improving pediatric care quality in small hospitals in developing countries, based on a consultation in 2000.

May 2001
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care

Anaesthesia in Rural Tanzania

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Tropical Doctor, this study assessed anesthesia services in rural Tanzania, identifying critical shortages of essential equipment and oxygen supplies.

April 2001
By: Ernestino Kimaro, R.M. Towey
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Boxer Project

 ARTICLE | Project Boxer is a Global Fund initiative that provides: advice on country oxygen needs, support to local and central procurement and installation, and technical assistance in bulk oxygen production.

By: The Global Fund
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

Health Facility Assessment (HFA) Paper Tools

TOOL | The Health Facility Assessment (HFA) resources are systematically developed to assess service readiness for small and sick newborn care.

By: NEST360, UNICEF
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

Health Products Policy and Standards: Medical Use of Oxygen

GUIDANCE | This webpage highlights World Health Organization guidance and resources on the use of medical oxygen.

By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Health Resources and Services Availability Monitoring System (HeRAMS)

TOOL | Published by the WHO, HeRAMS is designed to provide up-to-date information on health resources and services to support decision-making at various levels.

By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning

Implementation Toolkit for Small and Sick Newborn Care

REPOSITORY / TOOLKIT | This toolkit brings together knowledge, experiences, resources, and learnings for implementing small and sick newborn care services.

By: NEST360, UNICEF
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Oxygen Encyclopedia

REPOSITORY / TOOLKIT | The OCC Encyclopedia contains articles written by OCC editors and partners. Soon users will be able to find answers to everything to know about oxygen in this open-access, peer-reviewed encyclopedia.

By: Open Critical Care, Sustaining Technical and Analytic Resources (STAR) project, University of California, San Francisco
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Oxygen Supply and Demand Calculator

TOOL | This tool provides a calculator to estimate oxygen demand based on oxygen source, total supply and usage, and patient needs.

By: World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists (WFSA), University of California, San Francisco, Open Critical Care, Sustaining Technical and Analytic Resources (STAR) project
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care

Oxygen Systems Applications

TOOL | These web-based applications by the WHO currently consist of a package of six different tools that estimate oxygen need gaps, related costs, and other performance metrics for oxygen.

By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

PIPES Surgical Assessment

TOOL | The PIPES (Personnel, Infrastructure, Procedures, Equipment and Supplies) survey assesses gaps in the availability of essential and emergency surgical care at resource constrained health facilities.

By: Surgeons Overseas
Oxygen ecosystem planning

Pedi PIPES Assessment of Pediatric Surgical Capacity

TOOL | The PIPES (Personnel, Infrastructure, Procedures, Equipment and Supplies) survey assesses gaps in the availability of essential and emergency surgical care at resource constrained health facilities.

By: Surgeons Overseas
Oxygen ecosystem planning

Service Provision Assessment (SPA)

TOOL | The Service Provision Assessment (SPA) is a health facility survey that collects information on service availability and Quality of Care (QoC) measures within a country’s health system.

By: Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) program
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

WHO Surgical Assessment Tool

TOOL | This World Health Organization assessment tool examines different components of surgery services, including existing infrastructure, service delivery, workforce, financing, and information management.

By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

WHO: Oxygen

REPOSITORY / TOOLKIT | This website provides a one-stop shop for all oxygen resources compiled by WHO, including requirements of medicinal oxygen, components of an oxygen system, guidelines, factsheets, and more.

By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care

COVID-19 Clinical Resources

GUIDANCE | These expert-vetted articles and infographics provide guidance on the clinical management of COVID-19 patients, ICU administration, procedures, supply chain issues, and treatment.

By: American College of Chest Physicians
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care

COVID-19 Oxygen Supply Chain

DATA DASHBOARD | The solutions outlined on this website are centered around demand, supply, and matching sections around the problems associated with rising oxygen needs because of COVID-19.

By: Inhub Page, The University of Chicago, University of Minnesota, University of Illinois
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

COVID-19 Respiratory Equipment

COURSE / TRAINING VIDEO | This course was developed due to the enormous emphasis placed on need for safe provision of oxygen to patients with COVID-19, but can be used for conditions beyond COVID-19.

By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care

Frequently Asked Questions About Building an Oxygen Plant

TOOL | This set of questions provides basic answers for the installation and maintenance of a PSA or VSA oxygen generation plant, including overall considerations for planning a PSA system.

By: Assist International
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

Medevis: Priority Medical Devices Information System

REPOSITORY / TOOLKIT | Medevis is an open access WHO electronic database on appropriate medical devices according to the levels of care, setting and intended health intervention.

By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care

Medical Oxygen, Respiratory Care and Therapeutics

GUIDANCE | This website highlights critical information and resources on COVID-19 treatment and required oxygen equipment for principal recipients of The Global Fund.

By: The Global Fund
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care

National Medical Oxygen Grid

DATA DASHBOARD | This National Medical Oxygen Grid (NMOG) is a cellphone-based app to help hospitals and health officials keep track of where medical oxygen is needed and where supplies are plentiful.

By: One Health Trust
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

Open Healthcare Network: Reimagining Healthcare Delivery

DATA DASHBOARD | This website provides a set of data dashboards that provide real-time facility information for every district in India, including managing and monitoring demand and supply for oxygen.

By: Swasth Alliance
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Oxygen Market Dashboard

DATA DASHBOARD | The UNICEF Oxygen Market Dashboard showcases information on the global medical oxygen market.

By: UNICEF
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Oxygen Therapy Project

 ARTICLE | UNICEF’s Oxygen Therapy Project, jointly with the World Health Organization, aims to provide governments with practical tools for building oxygen systems in their countries.

By: UNICEF
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Vital: The COVID-19 Ventilator Device

TOOL | NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory designed an FDA qualifiable ventilating device that can serve a targeted subset of the patient population suffering from acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by COVID-19.

By: Jet Propulsion Lab, California Institute of Technology
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

WHO Access to Oxygen Initiative

REPOSITORY / TOOLKIT | The WHO Access to Oxygen Initiative provides technical and operational support to Member States on solutions to enable a resilient oxygen ecosystem.

By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care

Kenya Medical Oxygen Roadmap 2025-2030

GOVERNMENT POLICY / STRATEGY | The Kenya Medical Oxygen Roadmap is set to ensure equitable access to high-quality, sustainable, and affordable medical oxygen for all Kenyans by 2030.

May 2025
By: Kenya Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Oxygen Delivery Toolkit: Use Cases

TOOL | This series highlights country examples where tools from the Oxygen Delivery Toolkit helped stakeholders to plan, manage, and communicate the value of scaling up oxygen.

March 2025
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Quantification and Costing Tools for Oxygen and Pulse Oximetry

TOOL | As part of PATH’s Oxygen Delivery Toolkit, these two tools are Excel-based resources that quantify the potential need and associated cost for oxygen and pulse oximeters.

March 2025
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

Managing Home Oxygen and Nasogastric Feeds Post-NICU Discharge: PCP Practices and Perspectives

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the American Journal of Perinatology, this cross-sectional survey assessed Colorado and Wyoming physicians’ perceptions and practices surrounding technology in NICU graduates, particularly considering the altitude.

February 2025
By: Lauren A. Beard, Blair W. Weikel, Kathleen E. Hannan, Amanda I. Messinger, Stephanie L. Bourque
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Policy Brief – Reducing Global Inequities in Medical Oxygen Access: The Lancet Global Health Commission on Medical Oxygen Security

INFORMATION BRIEF | Published in The Lancet Global Health, this policy brief provides a high-level overview of the results of The Lancet Global Health Commission on Medical Oxygen Security.

February 2025
By: The Lancet Global Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

The Lancet Global Health Commission on Medical Oxygen Security: Malawi Country Case Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in The Lancet Global Health, this case study focuses on the financing of medical oxygen in Malawi following the COVID-19 pandemic—describing achieved financing, key barriers, and successes.

February 2025
By: Michael Krautmann, Raphael K. Kayambankadzanja, Carina King, Mirwais Rahimzai, Tisungane Mvalo, Lisa Smith
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Community Health Worker and Caregiver Experiences and Perceptions of a Multimodal Handheld Pulse Oximeter Used in Sick Child Consultations in Rural Burundi: A Qualitative Evaluation

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in PLoS Global Public Health, this prospective study evaluated acceptability and feasibility of a multimodal pulse oximeter used by CHWs during their iCCM of childhood illness in rural Burundi.

January 2025
By: Sarah Bauler, Leocadie Nivyindika, Titus Kirwa, Vital Habonimana, Dionis Nizigiyimana, Miles A. Kirby, Asrat Tolossa
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Factors Associated with Knowledge and Practice Regarding Oxygen Administration: A Cross-Sectional Study among Registered Nurses Working in Wards and ICUs at Muhimbili National Hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in PLoS One, this study aimed to assess factors associated with oxygen administration to critically ill patients among nurses at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH) in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

January 2025
By: Magdalena S. Kimario, Joel Seme Ambikile, Masunga K. Iseselo
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Understanding Health Innovation Adoption: A Realist Evaluation of Pulse Oximeter Implementation in Primary Care for Children under Five in Four West African Countries

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in medRxiv, this study examined how healthcare workers adopted pulse oximeters and explored the contexts influencing their adoption in Burkina Faso, Guinea, Mali, and Niger under the AIRE project.

January 2025
By: Sarah Louart, Habibata Balde, Abdourahmane Coulibaly, Abdoua Elhadji Dagobi, Kadidiatou Kadio, Gildas Boris Hedible, Valériane Leroy, Emilie Robert, Valéry Ridde
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Vital Mobilities of Medical Oxygen: Theorising Oxygen Justice

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Social Science and Medicine, this study aims to describe and analyze the social lives of medical oxygen and explore opportunities for oxygen justice.

January 2025
By: Stephanie Sodero, Nimesh Dhungana, Felix Sandoe
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Introduction to Oxygen Systems

COURSE / TRAINING VIDEO | Developed by WHO, this training provides an introduction to oxygen systems, including the oxygen ecosystem, quality assurance and quality control, improving the safety of medical oxygen systems, etc.

December 2024
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care

Oxygen Saturation Targets in Neonatal Care: A Narrative Review

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Early Human Development, this paper emphasizes that the scarcity of oxygen blenders and continuous monitoring may pose a challenge in LMICs, increasing the risks of hypoxia and hyperoxia.

December 2024
By: Tri C. Nguyen, Rajeshwari Madappa, Heather M Siefkes, Michelle J. Lim, Kanya Mysore Siddegowda, Satyan Lakshminrusimha
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Prevalence of Inpatient Pulse Oximetry in Operative and Nonoperative Settings: A Multicenter Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in CHEST Critical Care, this study examined the frequencies of pulse oximeter monitoring in operative and nonoperative contexts and the observed distribution of pulse oximeter readings.

December 2024
By: Nicholas A. Bosch, Anica C. Law, Ashraf Fawzy, Theodore J. Iwashyna
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Pulse Oximetry and Oxygen Services for Children with Pneumonia Attending Primary and Secondary Level Health Facilities in Lagos, Nigeria (INSPIRING-Lagos) – A Pre-Post Implementation Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMJ Global Health, this study examines whether stabilization rooms equipped with pulse oximetry and oxygen alongside HCW training improved quality of care for children with pneumonia in Nigeria.

December 2024
By: Tim Colbourn, Adegoke G. Falade, Hamish Graham, Omotayo E. Olojede, Ayobami A. Bakare, James Beard, Eric D. McCollum, Agnese Iuliano, Adamu Isah, Adams Osebi, Ibrahim Seriki, Ibrahim Haruna, Tahlil Ahmed, Samy Ahmar, Paula Valentine, Temitayo Folorunso Olowookere, Obioma C. Uchendu, Rochelle Ann Burgess, Carina King
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Pulse Oximetry and Oxygen Services for Under-Five Children with Community-Acquired Pneumonia Attending Primary and Secondary Level Health Facilities in Lagos, Nigeria (INSPIRING-Lagos): A Pre-Implementation and Post-Implementation Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION |

Published in BMJ Global Health, this study examines whether stabilization rooms equipped with pulse oximetry and oxygen alongside HCW training improved quality of care for children with pneumonia in Nigeria.

December 2024
By: Tim Colbourn, Adegoke G. Falade, Hamish Graham, Omotayo E. Olojede, Ayobami A. Bakare, James Beard, Eric D. McCollum, Agnese Iuliano, Adamu Isah, Osebi Adams, Ibrahim Seriki, Ibrahim Haruna, Tahlil Ahmed, Samy Ahmar, Paula Valentine, Temitayo Folorunso Olowookere, Obioma C. Uchendu, Rochelle Ann Burgess, Carina King
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Understanding Pulse Oximetry Adoption in Primary Health Care Facilities in Nigeria: A Realist Process Evaluation of the INSPIRING-Lagos Stabilisation Room Project

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMJ Global Health, this study examines how stabilization rooms under the INSPIRING-Lagos project improved pulse oximetry practices, for whom, and in what contexts in Nigeria.

December 2024
By: Omotayo E. Olojede, Adegoke G. Falade, Ayobami A. Bakare, Eric D. McCollum, Agnese Iuliano, Adamu Isah, Adams Osebi, Samy Ahmar, Paula Valentine, Temitayo Folorunso Olowookere, Matthew MacCalla, Rochelle Ann Burgess, Tim Colbourn, Carina King, Hamish Graham
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Understanding Pulse Oximetry Adoption in Primary Healthcare Facilities in Nigeria: A Realist Process Evaluation of the INSPIRING-Lagos Stabilisation Room Project

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMJ Global Health, this study examines how stabilization rooms under the INSPIRING-Lagos project improved pulse oximetry practices, for whom, and in what contexts in Nigeria.

December 2024
By: Omotayo E. Olojede, Adegoke G. Falade, Ayobami A. Bakare, Eric D. McCollum, Agnese Iuliano, Adamu Isah, Adams Osebi, Samy Ahmar, Paula Valentine, Temitayo Folorunso Olowookere, Matthew MacCalla, Rochelle Ann Burgess, Tim Colbourn, Carina King, Hamish Graham
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

An Evaluation of Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, and Associated Factors Regarding Oxygen Therapy Among Resident Doctors in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital: A Mixed-Methods Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Journal of Education and Health Promotion, this study assesses the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of resident doctors regarding oxygen therapy.

October 2024
By: M. Yogesh, D. Kadalarasu, Kapil Gandha, Rohankumar Gandhi
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Decoding Oxygen Prescriptions: Electronic Health Record Documentation versus Patient-Reported Use

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMC Pulmonary Medicine, this study examined the communication of oxygen management plans in the electronic health record (EHR), and their consistency with patient-reported long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) use.

October 2024
By: Wilson Tang, J. Smith, Jessica Dakkak, A. Balasubramanian, Bhavna Seth, Cory Leotta, Stephen C. Mathai, M.C. McCormack, Sudipta Acharya, Annlise Calypso, Sonye K. Danoff
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Strengthening Market Access and Use of Oxygen Generation Plants

MULTIMEDIA | This webpage describes four critical ways to sustain oxygen generation plants and ensure oxygen access for decades to come.

October 2024
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

Knowledge, Attitude, Practice and Associated Factors of Oxygen Therapy among Health Professionals in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in PLoS One, this study aimed to assess the pooled prevalence of health professionals’ knowledge, attitude, practice, and determinant factors about oxygen therapy in Ethiopia.

September 2024
By: Zewdu Bishaw Aynalem, Mekides Nigusu Abera, Birhaneslasie Gebeyehu Yazew, Melsew Dagne Abate, Ayalew Kassie, Fentahun Meseret, Ahmed Nuru Muhamed, Gebremeskel Kibret Abebe, Meseret Mekuriaw Beyene, Tilahun Degu Tsega
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Oxygen Therapy Practice and Associated Factors among Nurses Working at an Ethiopian Referral Hospital

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the African Journal of Emergency Medicine, this study assesses oxygen therapy practices and associated factors influencing oxygen administration among nurses in an Ethiopian hospital.

September 2024
By: Mikiyas Muche Teshale, Nurilign Abebe Moges, Mezinew Sintayehu Bitew, Mihretie Gedfew, Belete Negese, Animut Takele Telayneh, Temesgen Ayenew, Dejen Tsegaye
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

The Medical Oxygen Innovation Landscape: Technologies and Business Models to Improve Access

REPORT | This report highlights significant advancements in oxygen production, distribution, and delivery, driven by the COVID-19 pandemic, which are crucial for improving health care in LMICs.

August 2024
By: Unitaid
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

United Nations Procurement Manual

GUIDANCE | The Procurement Manual is intended to provide operational guidance on procurement policies and procedures in the various stages of the procurement actions conducted by the United Nations.

June 2024
By: United Nations
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

Variability of Oxygen Requirements in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the Journal of Global Health, this sub-analysis of the COVID-19 Critical Care Consortium database assesses the oxygen consumption requirements of COVID-19 patients admitted to intensive care units.

February 2024
By: Lisa Smith, Samuel Huth, Alexander Rothkopf, Nicole White, Gianluigi Li Bassi, Jacky Suen, John Fraser
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Estimated Future Mortality from Pathogens of Epidemic and Pandemic Potential

 ARTICLE | This analysis used computational epidemiology and extreme events modeling simulations to estimate the risk of future mortality from epidemics in two categories—respiratory diseases and viral hemorrhagic fevers.

November 2023
By: Nita Madhav, Ben Oppenheim, Nicole Stephenson, Rinette Badker, Dean Jamison, Cathine Lam, Amanda Meadows
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Standardized Trauma Intake Form with Clinical Decision Support Prompts Improves Care and Reduces Mortality for Seriously Injured Patients in Non-Tertiary Hospitals in Ghana: Stepped-Wedge Cluster Randomized Trial

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the British Journal of Surgery, this study examines the effectiveness of a standardized trauma intake form for improving key performance indicators in initial trauma care in Ghana.

October 2023
By: Adam Gyedu, Barclay T. Stewart, Emmanuel Nakua, Peter Donkor
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

COVID-19 Tele-Education Series Resource Library

REPOSITORY / TOOLKIT | This resource library, managed by Assist International, provides various tools and resources on COVID-19 treatment and care, including surgical care, oxygen therapy, infection control, and resource planning.

August 2023
By: Assist International
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care

WHO O2CoV2: Oxygen Requirements and Respiratory Support in Patients with COVID-19 in Low-and-Middle Income Countries—Protocol for a Multicountry, Prospective, Observational Cohort Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMJ Open, this study aims to describe the requirements and use of oxygen at the facility and patient level of approximately 4,500 patients with COVID-19 in 30 countries.

August 2023
By: Pryanka Relan, Srinivas Murthy, John C. Marshall, Sylvie Chevret, Yaseen M. Arabi, Wangari Waweru-Siika, Sara Dominguez Rodriguez, Pauline Convocar, Janet Diaz
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Lesotho’s National Medical Oxygen Strategy and Scale-Up Plan (2023-2028)

GOVERNMENT POLICY / STRATEGY | Under the four interdependent strategic objectives, this strategy provides policy and implementation framework for scaling up medical oxygen within the system in Lesotho.

July 2023
By: Lesotho Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Technical Innovation in Critical Care in a World of Constraints: Lessons from the COVID-19 Pandemic

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, this article describes how innovations in oxygen delivery should incorporate all aspects of the oxygen system yet be frugal.

May 2023
By: Armand Mekontso Dessap, Jean-Christophe Marie Richard, Tim Baker, Aurélie Godard, Guillaume Carteaux
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

What are Gas Companies Doing to Scale up Access to Liquid Medical Oxygen?

REPORT | This report tracks six global gas companies’ initiatives to increase access and provides insights into what they can do to supply LOX during emergencies and for day-to-day needs of LMICs.

April 2023
By: Access to Medicines Foundation
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Celebrating Progress toward Better Oxygen Access: Year 1 of Malawi’s Oxygen Roadmap

 ARTICLE |

One year ago, Malawi launched its first National Medical Oxygen Ecosystem Roadmap. It is already helping to close the oxygen access gap.

February 2023
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

How Rwanda’s COVID-19 Response Strengthened its Strategy on Medical Oxygen

 ARTICLE | Rwanda’s national COVID-19 response strategy greatly increased the provision of oxygen to its health facilities, which became a determining factor in the survival of the population.

February 2023
By: The World Bank, Amparo Gordillo-Tobar, Nataliya de Francisco Serpa, Francine Umutesi, Patrice Mwitende
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Ghana’s National Medical Oxygen Policy

GOVERNMENT POLICY / STRATEGY | This policy establishes the framework and lay the foundation for a national strategy for scaling-up production, availability, access, and use of medical oxygen across Ghana.

January 2023
By: Ghana Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Announcing the Lancet Global Health Commission on Medical Oxygen Security

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in The Lancet Global Health, this article introduces The Lancet Global Health Commission on Medical Oxygen Security, which seeks to close critical gaps in oxygen access, especially in LMICs.

November 2022
By: Freddy Eric Kitutu, Ahmed Ehsanur Rahman, Hamish Graham, Carina King, Shams El Arifeen, Freddie Ssengooba, Leith Greenslade, Zoë Mullan
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Blueprint for a National Medical Oxygen Grid in India

REPORT | This report describes ways to ensure that the attention that medical oxygen has received can be leveraged to create a broader network – a grid of oxygen resources.

October 2022
By: Reaching Impact, Saturation, and Epidemic Control (RISE) project, Swasth Alliance
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

Technology and Market Landscape: Next Generation Pulse Oximeters

REPORT | This report aims to assess the potential of multimodal pulse oximeters to improve the integrated diagnosis and treatment of illnesses for patients presenting at health facilities in LMICs.

September 2022
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

Cost-Effectiveness and Sustainability of Improved Hospital Oxygen Systems in Nigeria

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMJ Global Health, this study found that the Nigeria Oxygen Implementation programme improved hospital oxygen systems and pulse oximetry coverage, demonstrating sustainability over time.

August 2022
By: Hamish Graham, Ayobami A. Bakare, Oyaniyi Olatunde, Oluwabunmi Bakare, Blessing Edunwale, Eleanor Neal, Shamim Ahmad Qazi, Barbara McPake, David Peel, Amy Gray, Trevor Duke, Adegoke G. Falade
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Strengthening Health Systems’ Capacities to Operate and Manage Medical Oxygen Generation, Storage and Supply Equipment

INFORMATION BRIEF | This case study highlights the Nishtha project’s efforts to strengthen health systems’ capacities to operate and manage medical oxygen generation, storage and supply equipment.

July 2022
By: Nishtha, Jhpiego, PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

The Clinical Predictors of Hypoxaemia in Children with WHO Defined Pneumonia Aged 2 Months to 59 Months

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in SAS Journal of Medicine, this study determines the clinical predictors of hypoxemia in children with WHO defined pneumonia aged 2 to 59 months in a Bangladeshi hospital.

July 2022
By: A.Z. Azad, S. Prodhan, Mariya Islam, S. Shormin, Rubel Biswas Chowdhury, A.R. Mondal
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

2022 WHO Compendium of Innovative Health Technologies for Low-resource Settings

PRESENTATION / WEBINAR | This webinar highlights the most updated WHO Compendium of innovative health technologies for low-resource settings.

June 2022
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Accelerating Impact of Innovations for Health

GUIDANCE | WHO will apply a new collaborative approach to scaling innovations in health aimed at linking the health demand in countries with the supply of mature, assessed innovations.

June 2022
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Oxygen Alliance

REPOSITORY / TOOLKIT | The Oxygen Alliance aims to improve access to oxygen in LMICs through support of small local businesses that sign and execute maintenance contracts for oxygen concentrators.

June 2022
By: Oxygen Alliance
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

Procurement to Patient: Increasing Access to Medical Oxygen During the COVID-19 Pandemic

 ARTICLE | This story provides a snapshot of the milestones that countries, supported by PATH and CHAI, have achieved over the last two years in improving access to oxygen.

June 2022
By: PATH, Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Tanzania’s National Medical Oxygen Scale-Up Plan

GOVERNMENT POLICY / STRATEGY | This plan aims to ensure availability, accessibility, and affordability of quality medical oxygen therapy to meet universal health coverage in the country.

June 2022
By: Tanzania Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Technology to Improve Reliable Access to Oxygen in Western Uganda: Study Protocol for a Phased Implementation Trial in Neonatal and Paediatric Wards

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMJ Open, this study assesses the clinical impact and cost-effectiveness of expanding the FREO2 Oxygen System to 20 hospitals and health facilities in Western Uganda.

June 2022
By: Rami Subhi, Graham Moore, Joseph Mugerwa, David Peake, Eleanor Nakintu, Daniel Murokora, Roger Rassool, Marc Sklar, Hamish Graham, Bryn Sobott
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

WHO Compendium of Innovative Health Technologies for Low-resource Settings

GUIDANCE | This document provides guidance on appropriate and scalable innovative health technologies, including success stories and considerations, and encourages coordination among relevant stakeholder groups.

June 2022
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Decentralizing Oxygen Availability and Use at Primary Care for Children Under-Five with Severe Pneumonia at 12 Health Centers in Ethiopia: A Pre-Post Non-Experimental Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMC Health Services Research, this study highlights the positive outcomes of decentralizing oxygen services in Ethiopia’s health centers.

May 2022
By: Habtamu Seyoum Tolla, Dinkineh Bikila Woyessa, Rahel Belete Balkew, Yigeremu Abebe Asemere, Zinabie Feleke Fekadu, Alemayehu Berhanu Belete, Martha Gartley, Audrey Battu, Felix Lam, Alebel Yaregal Desale
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

The Intersection of Age, Sex, Race, and Socioeconomic Status in COVID-19 Hospital Admissions and Deaths in South Africa

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the South African Journal of Science, this study aimed to compare demographic characteristics and trends in SARS-CoV-2 admissions and the health care they received in South Africa.

May 2022
By: Waasila Jassat, Lovelyn Ozougwu, Shehnaz Munshi, Caroline Vika, Tracy Arendse, Maureen Masha, Richard Welch, Nevashan Govender, Joy Ebonwu, Michelle Groome, Andre Joseph, Shabir Ahmed Madhi, Cheryl Cohen, Lucille Blumberg
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

The State of Critical Care Provision in Low-Resource Environments

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Anesthesia & Analgesia, this study presents the state of intensive care provision in public hospitals across Ethiopia.

May 2022
By: Bruce Biccard, Tim Baker, Delia Mabedi, Wangari Waweru-Siika
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Strengthening Peripheral Systems to PSA Oxygen Plant: A Case of Sadar Hospital, Samastipur, Bihar, India

INFORMATION BRIEF | This case study highlights PATH’s support to strengthen peripheral systems to PSA oxygen plant in Sadar Hospital, Samastipur, Bihar, India.

April 2022
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Success and Time Implications of SpO2 Measurement through Pulse Oximetry among Hospitalised Children in Rural Bangladesh: Variability by Various Device-, Provider- and Patient-Related Factors

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Journal of Global Health, this study assessed pulse oximetry performance of different types of assessors in inpatient settings after an update to the existing IMCI package in Bangladesh.

April 2022
By: Ahmed Ehsanur Rahman, Shafiqul Ameen, Sabrina Jabeen, Tamanna Majid, Azim Uddin Afm, Tania Sultana Tanwi, Goutom Banik, Md Ziaul Haque Shaikh, Md Jahurul Islam, Sabina Ashrafee, Husam Muhammad Shah Alam, Ashfia Saberin, Ehtesham Kabir Anm, Sabbir Ahmed, Mahbuba Khan, Anisuddin Ahmed, Qazi Rahman, Mohammod Jobayer Chisti, Steve Cunningham, Muhammad Shariful Islam, David H. Dockrell, Harish Nair, Shams El Arifeen, Harry Campbell
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Breathing Confidence into the Value of Fit-for-purpose Oxygen Concentrators that Save Lives in Low- and Middle-income Countries

INFORMATION BRIEF | This publication outlines a human-centered design evaluation to identify opportunities to improve oxygen concentrator usability in low- and middle-income countries.

March 2022
By: COVIDaction, Elizabeth Johansen, Lynne Ruddick
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

Every Last One: Compassionate, Comprehensive Healthcare Powered by Scalable Oxygen and Digital Solutions

PRESENTATION / WEBINAR | This presentation outlines the activities of The Luke Commission in improving comprehensive health services in Eswatini, including efforts to scale up COVID-19 vaccination and strengthening oxygen delivery.

March 2022
By: The Luke Commission
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care

Strengthening COVID-19 Vaccine Demand and Uptake in Refugees and Migrants

GUIDANCE | This guide provides actionable recommendations, strategies, and good practices for understanding and addressing individual, social and practical or logistical barriers to COVID-19 vaccination among refugee and migrant populations.

March 2022
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Review on People’s Trust on Home Use Medical Devices during COVID‑19 Pandemic in India

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Health and Technology, this article aims to create awareness about commonly used medical devices during the COVID-19 pandemic and to survey trust in home usable devices in India.

February 2022
By: Garima Saini, Vikas Budhwar, Manjusha Choudhary
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

The ACT-A Oxygen Emergency Taskforce … One Year On

 ARTICLE | After widespread oxygen shortages, the ACT-A Oxygen Emergency Taskforce was launched to support countries to address them. This article outlines the success and challenges one year after its launch.

February 2022
By: Unitaid
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

WHO COVID-19 Essential Supplies Forecasting Tool (COVID-ESFT) v4.1

TOOL | This tool assists governments, partners, and other stakeholders to forecast the necessary volume of equipment, consumables, supplies, and drugs for supportive care and treatment of COVID-19.

February 2022
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

Web Annex. Technical Specifications. In: Primary Health Care Measurement Framework and Indicators: Monitoring Health Systems Through a Primary Health Care Lens

TOOL | This document provides technical specifications for each indicator included in the menu of indicators proposed for primary health care measurement framework and indicators.

February 2022
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Description of the Procurement and Management Systems for Medical Equipment, Supplies, and Medical Oxygen at Health Facilities in Vietnam

REPORT | The study highlighted in this report describes systems for procurement and management of medical equipment and supplies in Vietnam, including medical oxygen.

January 2022
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Fonctionnalite des concentrateurs d’oxygene hospitaliers au Nord Kivu, Republique Democratique du Congo [Functionality of hospital oxygen concentrators in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo]

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Sante Publique, this article investigates the functionality of oxygen concentrators in hospitals in North Kivu, DRC, and emphasizes the need for improved maintenance and training.

January 2022
By: Jean-Bosco Mbeva Kahindo, Prudence Mitangala Ndeba, Nzanzu Mahamba, Edison Maombi, Janvier Kubuya Bonane, Denis Porignon
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Preparing Hospitals’ Medical Oxygen Delivery Systems for a Respiratory “Twindemic”

 ARTICLE | Published in JAMA Network, this editorial posits how best to prepare hospitals’ medical oxygen delivery ecosystems for health emergencies.

January 2022
By: Melissa Suran
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

EpiC Oxygen Quality Assurance Checklist

TOOL | The document outlines the quality assurance and risk mitigation activities and standards to follow before proceeding with an oxygen procurement.

December 2021
By: Meeting Targets and Maintaining Epidemic Control (EpiC) project
Oxygen ecosystem planning

Oxygen Systems Strengthening as an Intervention to Prevent Childhood Deaths due to Pneumonia in Low-Resource Settings: Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Cost-effectiveness

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMJ Global Health, this paper reviews evidence on the effectiveness of strengthening oxygen systems on mortality for children with pneumonia to populate estimates in the Lives Saved Tool.

December 2021
By: Felix Lam, Angela Stegmuller, Victoria B. Chou, Hamish Graham
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Medical Devices Maintenance Campaign: An Experience of COVID-19 Emergency Response in Ethiopia

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, this paper presents the medical devices maintenance campaign experience conducted in Ethiopia as part of COVID-19 emergency response.

November 2021
By: Tadesse Waktola Gamessa, Zerihun Ketema
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Technical Assistance for the Procurement and Installation of PSA Oxygen Generation Plant in India

INFORMATION BRIEF | This case study highlights PATH’s support in procuring and installing PSA plants in India.

October 2021
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

WHO Good Manufacturing Practices for Medicinal Gases

GUIDANCE | Arising from an increased demand for medicinal gases, the World Health Organization raised the urgency for the need for guidance on good manufacturing practices for medicinal gases, including oxygen.

October 2021
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

A Location-Allocation Model for Influenza Pandemic Outbreaks: A Case Study in India

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Operations Management Research, this study provides guidance on health supply chains during a pandemic by proposing a location-allocation model for the locations of temporary testing laboratories.

September 2021
By: Yashoda Devi, Sabyasachi Patra, Surya Prakash Singh
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Oxygen Systems and Quality of Care for Children with Pneumonia, Malaria, and Diarrhea: Analysis of a Stepped-wedge Trial in Nigeria

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in PLOS One, this study evaluates the effect of improved hospital oxygen systems on quality of care for children with severe pneumonia, severe malaria, and diarrhea with severe dehydration.

July 2021
By: Hamish Graham, Jaclyn Maher, Ayobami A. Bakare, Cattram D. Nguyen, Adejumoke I. Ayede, Oladapo B. Oyewole, Amy Gray, Rasa Izadnegahdar, Trevor Duke, Adegoke G. Falade
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Sub-Saharan Africa Respiratory Care Equipment Distributors

TOOL | PATH, together with the Clinton Health Access Initiative, has developed an initial landscape of respiratory care equipment distributors across sub-Saharan Africa.

July 2021
By: PATH, Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

Access to Medical Oxygen Virtual Roundtable – Dialogue #3

REPORT | In June 2021, Every Breath Counts coalition and Access to Medicine Foundation co-hosted a third roundtable to engage the oxygen industry in the work of ACT-A Oxygen Emergency Taskforce.

June 2021
By: Every Breath Counts (EBC) coalition, Access to Medicines Foundation
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Bridging the Gap between Oxygen Needs and Technical Solutions

PRESENTATION / WEBINAR | This WHO webinar provides as introduction to the oxygen ecosystem, a holistic assessment of oxygen and biomedical equipment, and recommendations for medical device specifications and procurement.

May 2021
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

COVID-19 Global Oxygen Needs and Solutions

PRESENTATION / WEBINAR | This WHO webinar highlights the challenges and solutions in the systems response for oxygen in COVID-19 clinical settings.

May 2021
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care

Essential Considerations for Building a Medical Oxygen System

PRESENTATION / WEBINAR | This webinar covers essential considerations for building a medical oxygen system, including process and planning considerations, gap analysis and production comparison, and more.

May 2021
By: Assist International, Catapillar Foundation, Build Health International, World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

Patient Care and Clinical Outcomes for Patients with COVID-19 Infection Admitted to African High-care or Intensive Care Units (ACCCOS): A Multicenter, Prospective, Observational Cohort Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | The African COVID-19 Critical Care Outcomes Study aimed to determine which resources, comorbidities, and critical care interventions are associated with mortality in African critically ill COVID-19 patients.

May 2021
By: The Lancet
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Oxygen: Mapping out Production Networks

DATA DASHBOARD | Published on Gas World, this interactive map highlights the location of oxygen plants in Africa, the Middle East, the Indian Subcontinent, and South America.

April 2021
By: Gas World
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

Situational Analysis of Management of Childhood Diarrhea and Pneumonia in 13 District Hospitals in India

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Indian Pediatrics, this study generated evidence on the current situation of hospital care for managing children presenting with diarrhea and pneumonia at 13 district hospitals in India.

April 2021
By: Harish Kumar, Ashfaq Ahmed Bhat, Varun Alwadhi, Rajat Khanna, Sutapa B. Neogi, Ajay Khera, Sila Deb
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

WHO’s Science in 5 on COVID-19 : Medical Oxygen

PRESENTATION / WEBINAR | Science in 5 series – Episode #33 / Medical oxygen is an essential medicine in the treatment of COVID-19.

April 2021
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care

STAR-UCSF Webinar: Optimizing the Impact of Oxygen Scale Up

PRESENTATION / WEBINAR | Experts from the USAID STAR-UCSF COVID-19 Technical Advisory Group present a webinar and question and answer on optimizing the impact of oxygen scale up.

March 2021
By: Open Critical Care, Sustaining Technical and Analytic Resources (STAR) project, University of California, San Francisco
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care

Technical Results from a Trial of the FREO2 Low-Pressure Oxygen Storage System, Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, Uganda

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in PLoS One, this study reports the technical results of a field trial of the FREO2 low-pressure oxygen storage system, consisting of improvements to a standard concentrator, in Uganda.

March 2021
By: David Peake, James Black, Elias Kumbakumba, Celestine Barigye, Peter Moschovis, Ivan Muhumuza, Frank Kiwanuka, Patrick Semata, Kevin Rassool, Bryn Sobott, Roger Rassool
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Lessons and Risks of Medical Device Deployment in a Global Pandemic

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | To respond to inflated costs and export restrictions on medical equipment, Mercedes HPP worked with key experts to produce a simple, mechanical noninvasive respiratory device to deliver CPAP.

February 2021
By: Rebecca J. Shipley, David Brealey, Rashan Haniffa, Clare Elwell, Tim Baker, David A. Lomas, Mervyn Singer
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Shedding Light on the Main Characteristics and Perspectives of Romanian Medicinal Oxygen Market

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), this study investigates the main characteristics of the Romanian market of medicinal oxygen, highlighting top players, market development, etc.

February 2021
By: Adriana AnaMaria Davidescu, Simona Andreea Apostu, Cristina Stanciu-Mandruleanu
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Systemic Oxygen Utilization in Severe COVID-19 Respiratory Failure: A Case Series

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine, the objective of this study was to examine systemic oxygen utilization in a case series of patients with this disease.

February 2021
By: Rajeev K. Garg, Tara Kimbrough, Wajahat Lodhi
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Closing the Medical Oxygen Gap in Sub-Saharan Africa

REPORT | Published by the Institute for Transformative Technologies (ITT) and Oxygen Hub, this report makes the case for a decentralized, hub-and-spoke network of pressure swing adsorption (PSA) plants in sub-Saharan Africa.

January 2021
By: Institute for Transformative Technologies (ITT)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Pragmatic Recommendations for the Management of Acute Respiratory Failure and Mechanical Ventilation in Patients with COVID-19 in Low- and Middle-income Countries

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | This article in the American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene outlines pragmatic recommendations for acute respiratory failure and mechanical ventilation in severe COVID-19 patients in LMICs.

January 2021
By: Ary Serpa Neto, William Checkley, Chaisith Sivakorn, Madiha Hashmi, Alfred Papali, Marcus J. Schultz
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Access to Medical Oxygen Virtual Roundtable – Dialogue #2

REPORT | In December 2020, Every Breath Counts coalition and Access to Medicine Foundation co-hosted a second virtual roundtable to hold bilateral discussions and agree to work together to close oxygen gaps.

December 2020
By: Every Breath Counts (EBC) coalition, Access to Medicines Foundation
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Respiratory Care Equipment Market Report

REPORT | This market report serves as a preliminary guide to available suppliers with capacity to provide equipment for respiratory care and is intended to help conduct an initial supplier landscaping.

December 2020
By: PATH, Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

The Development and Implementation of An Oxygen Treatment Solution for Health Facilities in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the Journal of Global Health, this study describes the development and field testing of two oxygen supply solutions suitable for the realities of health facilities in LMICs.

December 2020
By: Stephen Howie, Bernard E. Ebruke, Mireia Gil, Beverly Bradley, Ebrima Nyassi, Sainimere Boladuadua, Senimili Rasili, Eric Rafai, Grant Mackenzie, Yu-Ling Cheng, David Peel, Joan Vives-Tomas, Syed M.A. Zaman
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Oxygen and COVID-19: UNICEF’s Global, Rapid, and Multi-faceted Approach

 ARTICLE | UNICEF is working with governments and partners to find the best solutions to scale up oxygen for each unique country context.

November 2020
By: UNICEF
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Priority Medical Devices List for the COVID-19 Response and Associated Technical Specifications

GUIDANCE | This document describes the medical devices required for the clinical management of COVID-19, selected and prioritized according to the latest available evidence and interim guidelines.

November 2020
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

Leveraging COVID-19 Equipment Investments for Long-Term Improvements: Experience from Ethiopia

PRESENTATION / WEBINAR | This presentation highlights how Ethiopia built on their success in increasing the availability of oxygen to leverage equipment investments from the COVID-19 pandemic.

October 2020
By: Ethiopia Federal Ministry of Health, Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

NEST360 Resources

GUIDANCE | This collection of resources provides an evidence-based model for sustainable, high-quality hospital-based newborn care in limited-resource settings, including respiratory care and oxygen therapy.

October 2020
By: NEST360
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care

WHO Technical Consultation on Oxygen Scale Up

PRESENTATION / WEBINAR | WHO convened a consultation, held over four meetings, with groups that have proven experience implementing oxygen scale up activities to accelerate oxygen access at the country level.

October 2020
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care

What Does Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Mean for Global Pneumonia Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment?

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | As highlighted in this CHEST Journal article, the COVID-19 pandemic has revealed just how unprepared most countries have been to deal with widescale, rapidly increasing outbreaks of viral pneumonia.

October 2020
By: Shally Awasthi, Harry Campbell, Charles S. Dela Cruz, Hamish Graham, Leith Greenslade, Fyezah Jehan, Heather J. Zar
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Access to COVID-19 Tools ACT-Accelerator: Status Report and Plan

REPORT | This document presents the objectives, achievements, and future priorities of the ACT-Accelerator initiative in the global COVID-19 response.

September 2020
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

Access to Medical Oxygen Virtual Roundtable – Dialogue #1

REPORT | In September 2020, the Every Breath Counts coalition and the Access to Medicine Foundation co-hosted a first-of-its-kind virtual roundtable to explore opportunities to increase access to medical oxygen in LMICs.

September 2020
By: Every Breath Counts (EBC) coalition, Access to Medicines Foundation
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Newborn Signal Functions in Bangladesh: Identification through Expert Consultation and Assessment of Readiness among Public Health Facilities-Study Protocol Using Delphi Technique

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMJ Open, this study, a first of its kind, will identify newborn signal functions in Bangladesh on which newborn service availability at a health facility can be assessed.

September 2020
By: Ahmed Ehsanur Rahman, Goutom Banik, Shema Mhajabin, Tazeen Tahsina, Md Jahurul Islam, Farid Uddin Ahmed, Mushair Ul Islam, Md Abdul Mannan, Sanjoy Kumer Dey, Shamina Sharmin, Fida Mehran, Mahbuba Khan, Anisuddin Ahmed, Ahmed Al Sabir, Shahin Sultana, Ziaul Ahsan, Sayed Rubayet, Joby George, Afsana Karim, Mohammod Shahidullah, Shams El Arifeen
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

A Tipping Point for Yemen’s Health System: The Impact of COVID-19 in a Fragile State

REPORT | This report explores how COVID-19 is exacerbating the already overwhelming health crisis in Yemen and identifies several recommendations based on information from health teams in Yemen.

July 2020
By: MedGlobal
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Advocacy

Consumption Tracking Tool

TOOL | As part of PATH’s Oxygen Delivery Toolkit, this tool is designed to help track daily oxygen use and, ultimately, inform future procurement planning.

July 2020
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

Electricity Planning Guide

GUIDANCE | As part of PATH’s Oxygen Delivery Toolkit, this guide outlines recommendations for understanding electricity access as well as methods for improving procurement and deployment of related medical devices.

July 2020
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

Practical Actions in Cities to Strengthen Preparedness for the COVID-19 Pandemic and Beyond

TOOL | This document provides local authorities, leaders, and policymakers in cities with a checklist tool to ensure that key areas have been covered for strengthening preparedness for COVID-19.

July 2020
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care

Rwanda Plan to Increase Access to Medical Oxygen

PRESENTATION / WEBINAR | This presentation provides information on Rwanda’s current oxygen production and distribution, key barriers to oxygen access in Rwandan health facilities, and the country’s plans to increase oxygen access for COVID-19.

July 2020
By: Rwanda Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

The Impact of COVID-19 on South-East Asia

REPORT | This policy brief examines how the eleven countries of South-East Asia are coping with the immediate impacts of COVID-19 and provides four sets of recommendations for a resilient recovery.

July 2020
By: United Nations
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

WHO & CED COVID-19 Critical Topic Webinars

PRESENTATION / WEBINAR | WHO and IFMBE Clinical Engineering Division partnered to host a series of COVID-19 Critical Topic 1-hour webinars during May 2020.

July 2020
By: IFMBE Clinical Engineering Division, World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care

Asset Management Guide

GUIDANCE | As part of PATH’s Oxygen Delivery Toolkit, this guide offers resources to help track medical device upkeep and, over the long term, improve future procurement decisions.

May 2020
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

Medical Air and Oxygen Capacity Assessment Tool

TOOL | This tool helps hospitals and health systems evaluate piped medical gas system capacity and show the usage of a particular system while different types of therapies are in use.

May 2020
By: American Society for Healthcare Engineering
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

Updated Containment Plan for Large Outbreaks – Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

GUIDANCE | This plans lays out containment strategies for India for the COVID-19 pandemic under different transmission scenarios.

May 2020
By: India Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Technical Guidance: Essential Resource Planning

GUIDANCE | To gauge the need for supplies/equipment and health work force requirements during the COVID-19 pandemic, WHO has developed a suite of complimentary surge calculators.

April 2020
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

Essential Care of Critical Illness Must not be Forgotten in the COVID-19 Pandemic

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in The Lancet, a conceptual framework is proposed that illustrates the need for hospital readiness and good quality clinical practice for the identification and care of critically ill patients.

April 2020
By: Tim Baker, Carl Otto Schell, Dan Brun Petersen, Hendry R. Sawe, Karima Khalid, Samson Kwazizira Mndolo, Jamie Rylance, Daniel F McAuley, Nobhojit Roy, John C. Marshall, Lee A. Wallis, Elizabeth Molyneux
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Oxygen Insecurity and Mortality in Resource-Constrained Healthcare Facilities in Rural Kenya

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Pediatric Pulmonology, this study assesses availability of therapeutic oxygen, reliability of the electrical supply, and effects of suboptimal oxygen delivery on patient outcomes in rural Kenya.

April 2020
By: Dickson Otiangala, Nicholas Agai, Bernard Olayo, Steve Adudans, Chin Hei Ng, Ryan Calderon, Ella Forgie, Christine Bachman, Daniel Lieberman, David Bell, Michael Hawkes, Akos Somoskovi
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Oxygen Sources and Distribution for COVID-19 Treatment Centres

GUIDANCE | This interim guidance describes how to quantify oxygen demand, identify oxygen sources that are available, and select appropriate surge sources to best respond to COVID-19 patients’ needs, especially in LMICs.

April 2020
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning

Situation Analysis of Inpatient Care of Newborns and Young Infants in Rwanda

REPORT | Rwanda’s Ministry of Health conducted a situation analysis of inpatient care of newborns and young infants to identify gaps within the continuum of care.

April 2020
By: Rwanda Ministry of Health
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

The Prevalence and Outcomes of Sepsis in Adult Patients in Two Hospitals in Malawi

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, this study determines in-hospital prevalence and outcomes of sepsis in two hospitals in Malawi.

April 2020
By: Raphael K. Kayambankadzanja, Carl Otto Schell, Felix Namboya, Grace Banda-Katha, Samson Kwazizira Mndolo, Andy Bauleni, Markus Castegren, Tim Baker
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Emergency and Critical Care Services in Malawi: Findings from a Nationwide Survey of Health Facilities

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the Malawi Medical Journal, this study assesses the availability of resources for emergency and critical care in Malawi using data from the Service Provision Assessment.

March 2020
By: Raphael K. Kayambankadzanja, Andrew Likaka, Samson Kwazizira Mndolo, Grace Mayamiko Chatsika, Eric Umar, Tim Baker
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Availability and Use of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) for Neonatal Care in Public Health Facilities in India: A Cross-Sectional Cluster Survey

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMJ Open, this study revealed that CPAP is used in neonatal units across India but faces significant infrastructure and training gaps, with high case fatality rates and complications.

February 2020
By: Juan Emmanuel Dewez, Sushma Nangia, Harish Chellani, Matthews Mathai, Nynke van den Broek
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Oxygen Therapy for Children: A Key Tool in Reducing Deaths from Pneumonia

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | This commentary in Pediatric Pulmonology explores the oxygen gap, using Nigeria as an illustrative case study in improving oxygen access, and concluding with key actions for policy and practice.

January 2020
By: Hamish Graham, Ayobami A. Bakare, Chizoba Fashanu, Owens Wiwa, Trevor Duke, Adegoke G. Falade
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Rapid Hospital Readiness Checklist

TOOL | The purpose of this checklist is to help hospital managers prepare for COVID-19 patient management by optimizing each hospital’s capacities.

January 2020
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care

Oxygen Systems to Improve Clinical Care and Outcomes for Children and Neonates: A Stepped-Wedge Cluster-Randomized Trial in Nigeria

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | This paper from PLOS Medicine reports the effects of an improved oxygen system on mortality and clinical practices in 12 general, pediatric, and maternity hospitals in southwest Nigeria.

November 2019
By: Hamish Graham, Ayobami A. Bakare, Adejumoke I. Ayede, Amy Gray, Barbara McPake, David Peel, Olatayo Olatinwo, Oladapo B. Oyewole, Eleanor Neal, Cattram D. Nguyen, Shamim Ahmad Qazi, Rasa Izadnegahdar, John B. Carlin, Adegoke G. Falade, Trevor Duke
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Healthcare-Provider Perceptions of Barriers to Oxygen Therapy for Paediatric Patients in Three Government-funded Eastern Ugandan Hospitals: A Qualitative Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMC Health Services Research, this study examines barriers to pediatric oxygen therapy in three Eastern Ugandan hospitals, focusing on supply issues, staff training, and equipment maintenance.

May 2019
By: Jonathan W. Dauncey, Kathryn Maitland
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Barriers to Pediatric Inpatient Care Guideline Adherence: A Mixed Method Assessment of Eight Hospitals in Asia and Africa

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in PLoS One, this study identified barriers to implementing pediatric inpatient care guidelines in nine hospitals across sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia.

March 2019
By: Kirkby Tickell, Dorothy Mangale, Stephanie Tornberg-Belanger, Johnstone Thitiri, Molline Timbwa, Jenala Njirammadzi, Wieger Voskuijl, Tahmeed Ahmed, Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayeem Bin Shahid, Abdoulaye Diallo, Issaka Ouédrago, Al Fazal Khan, Ali F. Saleem, Fehmina Arif, Zaubina Kazi, Ezekiel Mupere, John Mukisa, Priya Sukhtankar, Judd Walson, Donna Denno
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Providing Oxygen to Children and Newborns: A Multi-faceted Technical and Clinical Assessment of Oxygen Access and Oxygen Use in Secondary-Level Hospitals in Southwest Nigeria

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | This study in the journal International Health evaluates the quality of oxygen therapy in 12 secondary-level Nigerian hospitals.

March 2019
By: Ayobami A. Bakare, Hamish Graham, Adejumoke I. Ayede, David Peel, Olatayo Olatinwo, Oladapo B. Oyewole, Kayode R. Fowobaje, Shamim Ahmad Qazi, Rasa Izadnegahdar, Trevor Duke, Adegoke G. Falade
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Severe Outcomes Associated with Respiratory Viruses in Newborns and Infants: A Prospective Viral Surveillance Study in Jordan

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMJ Open, this study assesses virus-specific hospitalization rates, risk factors for illness severity, and seasonal trends in children hospitalized with acute respiratory infections in Jordan.

May 2018
By: Najwa Khuri-Bulos, Lindsey Lawrence, Bhinnata Piya, Li Wang, Christopher Fonnesbeck, Samir Faouri, Asem Shehabi, Sten Vermund, John Williams, Natasha Halasa
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Pneumonia Market Landscape Analysis in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: Improving Access to High-Quality Pneumonia Products and Services for Children Under the Age of Five

REPORT | To understand the barriers to reducing pneumonia burden, PATH collected and analyzed secondary data and conducted a landscape of key pneumonia stakeholders in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

April 2018
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care

Assessment and Recommendations to Increase Access to Oxygen and Pulse Oximetry in Kenya

REPORT | The information in this report focuses on oxygen access in Kenya and was collected through a combination of desk research and in-country stakeholder interviews and observations.

March 2018
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care

Market Assessment and Recommendations to Increase Access to Oxygen and Pulse Oximetry in India

REPORT | The information in this country report focuses on India and is intended to guide key decision-makers in India as they work to improve access to safe oxygen delivery.

March 2018
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care

Market Assessment and Recommendations to Increase Access to Oxygen and Pulse Oximetry in Indonesia

REPORT | The information in this report focuses on oxygen access in Indonesia and was collected through a combination of desk research and in-country stakeholder interviews and observations.

March 2018
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care

A Government-Led Approach to Increasing Access to Oxygen in Nigeria

 ARTICLE | CHAI is working with the Government of Nigeria to expand access to life-saving oxygen therapy – especially for children.

November 2017
By: Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

Effectiveness of Structure Teaching Programme on Paediatric Nurses Knowledge on Pulse Oximetry and Interpretation of The Oximetry Data

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in OISR Journal of Nursing and Health Science, interventional study assessed the knowledge level of pediatric nurses in a tertiary care setting, regarding the use of pulse oximeter.

November 2017
By: Lilly Prasad, Vinitha Ravindran, Ruma Nayak
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Review of Supplemental Oxygen and Respiratory Support for Paediatric Emergency Care in Sub-Saharan Africa

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the African Journal of Emergency Medicine, this review describes management priorities in emergency care of critically ill children presenting with respiratory problems in resource-limited settings.

November 2017
By: Andreas Hansmann, Brenda May Morrow, Hans-Joerg Lang
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Severity of Pneumonia in Under 5-Year-Old Children from Developing Countries: A Multicenter, Prospective, Observational Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, this study aimed to evaluate the microbiological agents linked with hypoxemia in hospitalized children with pneumonia from developing countries.

July 2017
By: Thomas Bénet, Valentina Sanchez Picot, Shally Awasthi, Ashish Bavdekar, Anand Kawade, Annick Robinson, Mala Rakoto-Andrianarivelo, Maryam Sylla, Souleymane Diallo, Graciela Russomando, Wilma Basualdo, Florence Komurian-Pradel, Hubert Endtz, Philippe Vanhems, Gláucia Paranhos-Baccalà
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Lifebox Pulse Oximeter Implementation in Malawi: Evaluation of Educational Outcomes and Impact on Oxygen Desaturation Episodes during Anaesthesia

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Anaesthesia, this study determined whether the introduction of pulse oximetry with training was feasible and could reduce the incidence of oxygen desaturation during anesthesia in Malawi.

June 2017
By: Vanessa Albert, Samson Kwazizira Mndolo, Ewan M. Harrison, Ellen O’Sullivan, Iain H. Wilson, Isabeau A. Walker
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

The Effective Introduction of Lifebox Pulse Oximetry to Malawi

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Anaesthesia, this article highlights the introduction of Lifebox pulse oximeters combined with appropriate training in Malawi.

April 2017
By: David Scott, Robert J. McDougall
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Standard of Inpatient Care during Exacerbation in Territory Care Hospital, Pakistan; A Completed Audit Cycle

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in The European Respiratory Journal, this study evaluated the quality of care of patients with acute exacerbation of COPD and evaluated the change in practice after an educational program.

September 2016
By: Saima Akhter, Nadeem Rizvi, Shaista Ghazal
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Oxygen Saturation of Medical Inpatients in a Malawian Hospital: Cross-Sectional Study of Oxygen Supply and Demand

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Pneumonia (Nathan Qld), the aim of this study was to evaluate the need for supplementary oxygen against oxygen delivery capacity at a large teaching hospital in Malawi.

July 2016
By: Hywel-Gethin Tudur Evans, Nadia Mahmood, Duncan Fullerton, Jamie Rylance, Andrew Gonani, Stephen Gordon, Kevin Mortimer, Theresa Allain
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Oxygen for Children and Newborns in Non-Tertiary Hospitals in South-West Nigeria: A Needs-Assessment

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in African Journal of Medicine and Medical Science, this study assesses structural, technical, and clinical barriers to the provision of safe and effective oxygen therapy in Nigeria.

May 2016
By: Hamish Graham, Ayobami A. Bakare, David Peel, Adegoke G. Falade, Trevor Duke
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Ensuring Oxygen and Pulse Oximetry Access for Treatment of Children in Low-Resource Settings: Consultation With Manufacturers of Oxygen Concentrators and Pulse Oximetry

REPORT | PATH and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation co-hosted a consultation focused on expanding access to pulse oximetry and oxygen concentrators in low-resource settings.

December 2015
By: PATH
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment

A Retrospective Analysis of Oxygen Concentrator Maintenance Needs and Costs in a Low-Resource Setting: Experience from The Gambia

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Health and Technology, this study found that oxygen concentrators in low-resource settings can remain functional for over seven years with routine preventive maintenance.

February 2015
By: Beverly Bradley, Samantha Chow, Ebrima Nyassi, Yu-Ling Cheng, David Peel, Stephen Howie
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Improving Paediatric and Neonatal Care in Rural District Hospitals in the Highlands of Papua New Guinea: A Quality Improvement Approach

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Paediatrics International Child Health, this article examines a quality improvement project in rural Papua New Guinea hospitals to enhance pediatric and neonatal care, including oxygen therapy.

May 2014
By: Martin Saavu, Trevor Duke, Sens Matai
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

The Quality of Pre-Hospital Oxygen Therapy in Patients with Multiple Trauma: A Cross-Sectional Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Red Crescent Medical Journal, this study investigated the quality of pre-hospital oxygen therapy in patients with multiple traumas in Shahid Beheshti Medical Center, Kashan, Iran.

March 2014
By: Mohsen Adib-Hajbaghery, Farzaneh Maghaminejad, Mohammad Paravar
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Oxygen Concentrators: A Practical Guide for Clinicians and Technicians in Developing Countries

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | This paper in the Annals of Tropical Pediatrics is a practical and up-to-date guide for all involved in purchasing, using, and maintaining oxygen concentrators in developing countries.

July 2013
By: Trevor Duke, David Peel, Stephen Graham, Stephen Howie, Penny Enarson, Robert Jacobson
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Guide to Infrastructure and Supplies at Various Levels of Healthcare Facilities: Emergency and Essential Surgical Care

GUIDANCE | This guidance outlines the infrastructure and supply needs at the different levels of a healthcare system to ensure adequate emergency and essential surgical care.

November 2012
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care

New Signal Functions to Measure the Ability of Health Facilities to Provide Routine and Emergency Newborn Care

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in PLoS Medicine, this article proposes maternal and newborn signal functions, focusing on delivery and postnatal care, which could be used to characterize both routine and emergency care.

November 2012
By: Sabine Gabrysch, Giulia Civitelli, Karen M. Edmond, Matthews Mathai, Moazzam Ali, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Oona M.R. Campbell
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Storing Oxygen or Storing Energy? A Cost-Effectiveness Model for Comparing Appropriate Medical Oxygen Supply Systems in Low-Resource Health Facilities with Intermittent Power

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | This study presents a model for comparing the cost-effectiveness of different oxygen technology systems specifically designed for health centers with intermittent power, using The Gambia as an example.

September 2012
By: Beverly Bradley, Shawn Qu, David Peel, Stephen Howie, Yu-Ling Cheng
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

The Use of Oxygen for Delivery Room Resuscitation of Newborn Infants in Non-Western Countries

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Early Human Development, this study aimed to determine current neonatal resuscitation practices and availability of oxygen blending equipment in non-Western hospitals.

August 2012
By: Jeremy Koh, Cheo Lian Yeo, Ian Wright, Kei Lui, William Tarnow-Mordi, John Smyth, Ju Lee Oei
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

The Quality of the Maternal Health System in Eritrea

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, this study examined the quality of the maternal health system in Eritrea to understand system deficiencies and its relevance to maternal mortality.

December 2011
By: Mona Sharan, Saifuddin Ahmed, Mismay Ghebrehiwet
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

An Evaluation of Oxygen Systems for Treatment of Childhood Pneumonia

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in BMC Public Health, this review found that improving oxygen systems could significantly reduce childhood pneumonia mortality but faces challenges in affordability and sustainability.

April 2011
By: Alastair Catto, Lina Zgaga, Evropi Theodoratou, Tanvir Huda, Harish Nair, Shams El Arifeen, Igor Rudan, Trevor Duke, Harry Campbell
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Oxygen is an Essential Medicine: A Call for International Action

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | As highlighted in this article in the International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, the cost-effectiveness of an oxygen systems strategy compares favorably with other higher profile child survival interventions.

November 2010
By: Trevor Duke, Stephen Graham, Meena Cherian, Amy Sarah Ginsburg, Mike English, Stephen Howie, David Peel, Penny Enarson, Iain H. Wilson, Wilson Were
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Effects of Oxygen Concentrators on Ventilator Oxygen Delivery

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in Canadian Journal of Anesthesia, this study compared inspired oxygen settings of the ventilator/anesthetic machine and actual circuit oxygen levels when using oxygen 99 and 93.

May 2010
By: Les Walker, Merna Bee Raber, Robert Friesen
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy

Strengthening Care for the Injured: Success Stories and Lessons Learned from around the World

REPORT | The goal of this publication is to share some of the valuable lessons learned by those working on different but overlapping aspects of trauma care worldwide.

April 2010
By: World Health Organization (WHO)
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Oxygen for Treatment of Severe Pneumonia in The Gambia, West Africa: A Situational Analysis

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, this study assessed national oxygen availability and use in 12 health facilities in The Gambia.

May 2009
By: Sarah Hill, Ousman Njie, Momodou Sanneh, Mariatou Jallow, David Peel, Malick Njie, Martin Weber, Philip Hill, Richard A. Adegbola, Stephen Howie
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Emergency Triage Assessment for Hypoxaemia in Neonates and Young Children in a Kenyan Hospital: An Observational Study

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | The study, published in the Bulletin of the World Health Organization, found that 6.4% of neonates and young children admitted to a Kenyan hospital had hypoxemia.

April 2009
By: Michael Mwaniki, D. James Nokes, James Ignas, Mwanajuma Ngama, Charles R.J.C. Newton, Kathryn Maitland, James A. Berkley
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Hypoxemia Among Children in Rural Hospitals in Papua New Guinea: Epidemiology and Resource Availability-A Study to Support a National Oxygen Programme

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | This study in the Annals of Tropical Pediatrics examined the incidence of hypoxemia, its geographical distribution, epidemiological determinants, and resource availability in several regions of the country.

December 2006
By: Francis Wandi, David Peel, Trevor Duke
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

The Thai Anesthesia Incidents Study (Thai Study) of Anesthetic Outcomes: Anesthetic Profiles and Adverse Events

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand, the purpose of this study was to survey patients, surgical, anesthetic profiles, and determine factors related to adverse events.

November 2005
By: Somrat Charuluxananan, Yodying Punjasawadwong, Suwannee Suraseranivongse, Oranuch Kyokong, Thitima Chinachoti, Thavat Chanchayanon, Mali Rungreungvanich, Somboon Thienthong, Chomchaba Sirinan, Oraluxna Rodanant
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

Delivery of Paediatric Care at the First-Referral Level in Kenya

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in The Lancet, this study assessed pediatric care at district hospitals in Kenya, highlighting variability in care quality and resource availability.

October 2004
By: Mike English, Fabian Esamai, Aggrey Wasunna, Fred Were, Bernhards Ogutu, Annah Wamae, Robert Snow, Norbert Peshu
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Patient care
Advocacy

The Cost of Breathing: An Economic Analysis of the Patient Cost of Home Oxygen Therapy

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care, this study presents a brief analysis of the cost of operating an oxygen concentrator from the perspective of the patient.

October 2004
By: Gary M. Reisfield, George R. Wilson
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

The Oxygen Concentrator: An Appropriate Technology for Treating Hypoxaemic Children in Developing Countries

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the International Journal for Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, this study explored the use of oxygen concentrators compared to cylinders to treat children in a hospital in Ndioum, Senegal.

September 2004
By: Antoine Perrelet, Jean-Pierre Zellweger, Ibrahima Talla, Youssou Ndiaye, Emanuel Gautier, Mario Gehri
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

The Oxygen Concentrator is a Reasonable Alternative to Oxygen Cylinders in Nepal

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia, this study aims to review the efficacy and reliability of oxygen concentrators used over the last six years in Nepal.

January 2002
By: Bisharad M. Shrestha, Birendra B. Singh, Madhav P. Gautam
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Situation Analysis of Obstetric Care Services in a Rural District in Zimbabwe

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the Central African Journal of Medicine, this study aimed to conduct a situation analysis of obstetric services in a rural district of Zimbabwe.

June 2000
By: Rose A. Kambarami, Mike Chirenje, Simbarashe Rusakaniko
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Patient care
Advocacy

Oxygen Concentrators: A Primary Oxygen Supply Source

JOURNAL PUBLICATION | Published in the Canadian Journal of Anesthesia, this article reviews ten years experience with oxygen concentrators (OCs) in Canada used as a primary hospital oxygen supply.

December 1999
By: Robert Friesen, Merna Bee Raber, D H Reimer
Oxygen ecosystem planning
Respiratory care equipment
Advocacy
Access to Oxygen Resource Library
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